This paper examines the technical, economic and environmental justification for the solid waste management hierarchy. The hierarchy ranks waste management methods, prescribing that it is best to reduce the generation of waste at the source, then to recycle and compost what cannot be reduced, and finally to incinerate or landfill the remainder. While the hierarchy has received widespread support...

Mispah form (FAO: Lithosol) soil contaminated with >380 000 mg kg−1 creosote was co-composted with cattle manure and mixed vegetable waste for 19 months. The soil was mixed with wood chips to improve aeration and then mixed with cattle manure or mixed vegetable waste in a ratio of 4:1. Moisture, temperature, pH, ash content, C:N ratios, and the concentrations of creosote in the compost systems ...

This study is aimed at evaluating and measuring the factors affecting the Dezful wheat farmers` attitude toward the extension of wheat waste reduction. The method of research was correlative- descriptive. The population of this study is all farmers cultivated wheat in Dezful from 2011 to 2012 (n=5291). The Number of samples size was 360 based on Krejcie and Morgan table. Panel of experts and Al...

Research into individual waste management has focused primarily on recycling behaviour. It is argued here that there also needs to be a focus on reuse and reduction of waste. The diversity of waste behaviour and its antecedents is therefore emphasised. The declared reduction, reuse and recycling behaviour of 673 households in Exeter, Devon is detailed. Differences between behaviours are examine...

this study is aimed at evaluating and measuring the factors affecting the dezful wheat farmers` attitude toward the extension of wheat waste reduction. the method of research was correlative- descriptive. the population of this study is all farmers cultivated wheat in dezful from 2011 to 2012 (n=5291). the number of samples size was 360 based on krejcie and morgan table. panel of experts and al...

Egypt is well-known in the world not only for its old heritage but also for its valued presence in superior quality of textiles. However, the textile industry is both energy intensive and highly polluting. The production of textiles often requires high levels of water consumption and emits large quantities of pollutants to the environment. Therefore, it is very important to minimize its impact ...

Waste incineration still seems to be an essential technology in the concept of integrated waste management. However, the desirable quantity of waste incineration residue needs to be as low as possible. Therefore, related optimization of two-stage waste incineration technology has been performed with the main goal of producing lower amounts of boiler ash, fly ash and flue gas-treatment residue, ...

An outdoor pilot-scale study was undertaken to pretreat municipal solid waste by windrow composting. The raw waste was introduced to active composting without any source separation or pulverization. Pretreatment indicators were developed and used as a tool to measure the optimum level of sorting and waste stabilization. The moisture content of the waste dropped from 68% to 61% and the pile atta...