Plastics are a ubiquitous part of modern life. They can be modified to meet the demands of almost any conceivable application1. While plastic is extremely useful and has been very important in the development of society since the beginning of the 20th century, it also presents a problem. It is estimated that 25 Mt of plastic waste was generated in the European Union in 2008. As much as 49 % of ...

The economic feasibilities of four continuous processes to produce biodiesel, including both alkali- and acid-catalyzed processes, using waste cooking oil and the 'standard' process using virgin vegetable oil as the raw material, were assessed. Although the alkali-catalyzed process using virgin vegetable oil had the lowest fixed capital cost, the acid-catalyzed process using waste cooking oil w...

Growing concern regarding energy resources and the environment has increased interest in the study of alternative sources of energy. To meet increasing energy requirements, there has been growing interest in alternative fuels like biodiesel to provide a suitable diesel oil substitute for internal combustion engines. Biodiesels offer a very promising alternative to diesel oil since they are rene...

0016-2361/$ see front matter 2010 Elsevier Ltd. A doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2010.04.028 * Corresponding author. Tel.: +1 212 854 7993. ** Principal corresponding author. E-mail address: [email protected] (M. Basing Though many plant oils have a similar energy density to fossil diesel fuel, several properties of plant oils are considerably different from those of diesel. Engine modifications can ove...

The textile industry generates millions of tons waste annually, making this sector one the most polluting in world. objective research was to study energy potential three industrial wastes vegetable and animal origin: CW (card waste), SFW (short fibre waste) W (wool), using conventional flash pyrolysis at 500 °C 750 °C. thermogravimetric profiles were very different from W. In general, bio-oil ...

The main disadvantage of biodiesel is its high price. The price of biodiesel depends on various factors such as the price of oil, methanol, catalyst, and labor. Among dif-ferent economic factors, oil accounts for the largest share of input costs of biodiesel production. In this study, first, suitable heterogeneous catalysts were identified for biodiesel production. Several studies were carried ...