The aim of this project has been to prepare nanocrystalline cellulose (CNC) from hydrochloric acid hydrolysis and optimise the process. CNC was also prepared from sulphuric acid hydrolysis to use as a reference. The starting material in both these processes was microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), therefore another cellulose source was used to try and prepare CNC from. The cellulose was extracted ...

background: based on the economical and environmental concepts, the main purpose of the industrial waste management is reducing the production of these materials which is accessible by developing strategies of reuse, waste recycle and upgrading the technologies. accurate investigation of the quality and quantity of the industrial waste is the basis of the industrial waste correct management. th...

As a significant part of municipal solid waste (MSW), waste cardboard (CB) is a sustainable, inexpensive, and rich source of cellulose. Previous studies of polyolefin/CB composites have reported modest enhancement to major reduction in modulus and major reduction in elongation at break values relative to neat polymer. Here, green hybrids of low density polyethylene (LDPE) and polypropylene (PP)...

Nanocellulose is a relatively inexpensive, highly versatile bio-based renewable material with advantageous properties, including biodegradability and nontoxicity. Numerous potential applications of nanocellulose, such as its use for the preparation of high-performance composites, have attracted much attention from industry. Owing to the low energy consumption and the addition of significant val...

Submitted: May 21, 2013; Accepted: Jul 3, 2013; Published: Jul 20, 2013 Abstract: Mushrooms are a primary part of managing solid waste, building organic soil and returning minerals to the soil. Sisal processing in Kenya generates an estimated 611,875 tonnes of solid waste annually, which is discarded leading to environmental pollution. Sisal waste contains; lignin, cellulose and hemicelluloses ...

The Environment Agency is required to monitor the diversion of biodegradable municipal waste (BMW) from landfill. Reliable methods are needed to measure the biodegradability of municipal waste, both as mixed municipal waste and as individually separated fractions. An evaluation of several methods was carried out using a variety of organic materials typically found in municipal solid waste. The ...

Increasing performance demands and shorter use lifetimes of consumer electronics have resulted in the rapid growth of electronic waste. Currently, consumer electronics are typically made with nondecomposable, nonbiocompatible, and sometimes even toxic materials, leading to serious ecological challenges worldwide. Here, we report an example of totally disintegrable and biocompatible semiconducti...

The study evaluated the preparation of a biocomposite using waste-derived polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) and bagasse cellulose (α-cellulose) in biorefinery approach. PHB was produced dark fermentation effluent rich volatile fatty acids (VFA) derived from vegetable waste α-cellulose extracted sugarcane (SCB). Nutrient limitation induced microbial accumulation, wherein maximum production 0.28 ± 0.06 g...