Tractor is a system for understanding English messages within the context of hard and soft information fusion for situation assessment. Tractor processes a message through text processors using standard natural language processing techniques, and represents the result in a formal knowledge representation language. The result is a hybrid syntactic-semantic knowledge base that is mostly syntactic...

In this paper, sliding mode controllers (SMC) are designed for a steerable tractor-trailer system, which is operating in the presence of longitudinal and lateral slips at front and rear wheels. Such vehicles intended for autonomous operations usually traverse at low speeds along straight lines. As very low accelerations are involved kinematic models seem sufficiently accurate for developing con...

Abstract The increase in population day-by-day causes a direct and indirect effect on country’s pollution resources. These have adverse effects the environment contributes directly to climate change. A transition from an internal combustion engine electric vehicle is vital, since with lot of motor battery technology available globally. This paper focuses different types motors batteries that ca...

So called automatic guidance systems are becoming more common in agricultural tractors, so that a driver does not need to steer the vehicle. The systems are mostly relying on GPS with correction. However, these systems usually steer only the tractor itself, despite the fact that the implement is the one that has to be run side by side with the previous swath. With towed implements, or trailers,...

Original scientific paper The slip, the resistance to rolling and pulling force are interconnected. The influence of tyre wear on the tractor pulling force and slip on three different grounds was observed. The tangential force was measured by dynamometers fixed to tractor driving half-axle. The pulling force on the pulling rods was measured by dynamometer fixed to the pulling force. The tractor...

Tractor overturning remains a serious problem in agricultural activities. A detailed analysis of problems and causes leading to a tractor overturn have revealed that by improving tractor’s static stability we can positively infl uence the safety as early as during the concept phase. We designed a mathematical model and a numerical simulation of the static stability of a tractor with an oscillat...

Accurate guidance of towed implements is important for performing agricultural field operations and for gaining the ultimate benefit from an agricultural automatic guidance system. The study of open and closed loop system responses can be helpful in the design of practical guidance controllers. A dynamic model of a tractor and a towed implement system was developed. Open loop analysis of the ki...

An optimal reconfiguration control scheme based on control allocation CA is proposed to stabilize the yaw dynamics of the tractor-semitrailer vehicle. The proposed control scheme is a twolevel structure consisting of an upper level of sliding mode yaw moment controller SMYC and a lower optimal brake force distributor BFD . The upper SMYC is designed to follow the tractor yaw rate and the combin...

Low-cost GPS receivers provide geodetic positioning information using the NMEA protocol, usually with eight digits for latitude and nine digits for longitude. When these geodetic coordinates are converted into Cartesian coordinates, the positions fit in a quantization grid of some decimeters in size, the dimensions of which vary depending on the point of the terrestrial surface. The aim of this...

A capture-mark-recapture study was conducted in crop fields in Morogoro, Tanzania, to investigate how the population dynamics of multimammate field rats, Mastomys natalensis, was influenced by the commonly practised land preparation methods and cropping systems. Two land preparation methods (tractor ploughing and slash and burn) and two cropping systems (mono-cropping with maize and inter-cropp...