Abstract In this paper, we discuss the results of laboratory tests and field surveys using ground penetrating radar (GPR) method to detect qanats at main campus Shahid Bahonar University Kerman (SBUK), Iran. The purpose experiments was explore optimum frequency GPR for subsoil in study site. We performed a variety with 3 GHz antenna (simulated dielectric empty targets) hosted by sand volumetric...

centration. We did this because it is well established that the FC is driven by soil texture. However, to avoid confusion and to focus on our findings we removed the term “soil texture” when explaining the driving factors and used FC only. We remind that field capacity (crosses in Figure 4) were determined with the measurements of the matric potential and soil moisture from the relevant depth (...

The use of brackish groundwater (BGW) to supplement irrigation shortfalls has increased because decreasing surface water availability in the arid areas southern United States. Reuse reverse osmosis (RO) concentrate, a by-product resulting from desalination BGW, can increase portfolio. This 2-yr greenhouse study aimed quantify changes physical and thermal soil properties, evapotranspiration (ET)...

Two agents previously unknown to each other cannot communicate by exchanging concepts (nodes of their own ontology): they need to use a common communication language. If they do not use a standard protocol, most likely they use a natural language. The ambiguities of it, and the different concepts the agents possess, give rise to imperfect understanding among them: How closely concepts in ontolo...

Abstract Water stress and weed competition are critical stressors during corn ( Zea mays L.) development. Genetic improvements in have resulted hybrids with greater tolerance to abiotic biotic stressors; however, drought remains problematic. Therefore, light of the anticipated change precipitation throughout Great Lakes Region, greenhouse experiments were conducted evaluate water on drought-tol...

Climate variability has major implications for agriculture due to the increase in frequency and intensity of simultaneous abiotic, namely water-stress, biotic stresses crops. Plant water-stress alone harms crops but also can attract outbreaks herbivores with varied host specialization, plants succumb further yield losses dealing multiple stressors. Host plant resistance provides a route lessen ...

Chordin-mediated regulation of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) family growth factors is essential in early embryogenesis and adult homoeostasis. Chordin binds to BMPs through cysteine-rich von Willebrand factor type C (vWC) homology domains and blocks them from interacting with their cell surface receptors. These domains also self-associate and enable chordin to target related proteins to fine...

Thaw consolidation of degrading permafrost is a serious hazard to the safety and operation infrastructure. Monitoring thermal changes in active layer (AL), proportion soil above that thaws freezes periodically, critical understanding conditions top regulating construction, operation, maintenance facilities. However, this very challenging task using ground-based methods such as ground-penetratin...

Aims Variation in precipitation strongly influences plant growth, species distributions and genetic diversity. Intraspecific variation in phenotypic plasticity, the ability of a genotype to alter its growth, morphology or physiology in response to the environment, could influence species responses to changing precipitation and climate change. Despite this, the patterns and mechanisms of intrasp...

Optical Earth Observation is often limited by weather conditions such as cloudiness. Radar sensors have the potential to overcome these limitations, however, due complex radar-surface interaction, retrieving of crop biophysical variables using this technology remains an open challenge. Aiming simultaneously benefit from optical domain background and all-weather imagery provided radar systems, w...