A novel thermal anemometry grid sensor was developed for the simultaneous measurement of cross-sectional temperature and axial velocity distribution in a fluid flow. The sensor consists of a set of platinum resistors arranged in a regular grid. Each platinum resistor allows the simultaneous measurement of fluid temperature via electrical resistance and flow velocity via constant voltage thermal...

Spatial distribution of electron density inside parallel plate dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) is discussed in this presentation by using CO2-laser heterodyne interferometry measurement. This interferometry measurement has been used for low pressure plasmas and applied to DC microplasmas at atmospheric pressure recently. To derive the electron density inside pulsed plasmas like DBD, we used ...

optimal sitting and sizing of shunt capacitor banks at the distribution networks for the purpose of power quality improvement is drawn much attention of electric power utilities in the last decades. determining the optimal number, location and sizing of capacitor using bee colony optimization algorithm (bco) is being presented in this paper. the bco algorithm is a new population based meta-heur...

The application of voltage reduction in medium and low grids to reduce peak power demand or energy consumption has been implemented since the 1980s using several approaches. Conservation Voltage Reduction (CVR), as one such approach, uses a control device increase setpoint on busbar, thereby reducing increasing amount active reactive supply network. regulation for CVR is always according establ...

We study fluctuations of electric current in a quantum resistor and derive a general quantum-mechanical formula for the distribution of transmitted charge. For that we introduce a scheme of current measurement that involves a spin 1/2 coupled to the current so that it precesses at the rate proportional to the current. Our approach allows the study of charge transfer without breaking the circuit...

in this paper, simultaneous placement of distributed generation, capacitor bank and protective devices are utilized to improve the efficiency of the distribution network. the objectives of the problem are reduction of active and reactive power losses, improvement of voltage profile and reliability indices and increasing distribution companies’ profit. the combination of firefly algorithm, parti...

application of distributed generation (dg) units in distribution networks has increased in recent years. sizing and sitting of dg units are two important factors which should be considered, especially for reduction of power losses in distribution system. this paper presents a new approach for dg placement in distribution systems using the mixed integer nonlinear programming (minlp). this approa...

today, with attention to increase in sensitive electrical equipments application in distribution networks and their susceptibility to the power quality deficiencies, the protection necessity of sensitive loads against undesirable effects of these disturbances are in focus. so, in this paper voltage sag deficiency and dynamic voltage restorer (dvr) would be introduced as the most prevalent power...

In practical situations, distribution network loads are the mixtures of residential, industrial, and commercial types. This paper presents a hybrid optimization algorithm for the optimal placement of shunt capacitor banks in radial distribution networks in the presence of different voltage-dependent load models. The algorithm is based on the combination of Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Binary Part...