Bi-layer hybrid biocomposites were fabricated by hand lay-up technique by reinforcing oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) and jute fibre mats with epoxy matrix. Hybrid composites were prepared by varying the relative weight fraction of the two fibres. The physical (void content, density, dimensional stability), and chemical resistant properties of hybrid composites were evaluated. When the jute fi...

Different stages of intrinsic nanostructurization related to evolution of free-volume voids, including phase separation, crystalline nuclei precipitation, and growth, were studied in glassy As2Se3 doped with Ga up to 5 at. %, using complementary techniques of positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray anal...

Mobile underwater sensor networks are featured with three-dimensional topology, high node mobility and long propagation delay. Geographic routing has been shown to be very suitable for such networks. However, routing voids pose great challenges on the greedy policy used in most geographic routing protocols. This is especially true for the underwater sensor networks because of node mobility and ...

The topic of the void was of significant philosophical and scientific importance in the ancient and medieval world. Some, such as the atomists, maintained that the void was essential if one were to explain motion. Others, such as Aristotle, argued that the existence of the void would absolutely preclude the possibility of motion. Moreover, there were disputes concerning even how to characterize...

Void detection is challenging due to the complexity of near-surface materials and the limited resolution of geophysical methods. Although multichannel, high-frequency, surface-wave techniques can provide reliable shear (S)-wave velocities in different geological settings, they are not suitable for detecting voids directly based on anomalies of the S-wave velocity because of limitations on the r...

class Subject { private List observers = new LinkedList(); void addObserver(Observer o) { observers.add(o); } protected void notifyObservers() { for (Iterator i = observers.iterator(); i.hasNext();) { ((Observer) i.next()).update(this); } } } class ConcreteSubject extends Subject { private final Date date = new Date(); void setDate(long milli) { date.setTime(milli); notifyObservers(); } Date ge...

A model based on the first order perturbation expansion of magnetic flux in a two-phase liquid metal flow has been developed for low magnetic Reynolds number Rem. This model takes into account the distortion of the induced eddy currents due to the presence of void in the conducting medium. Specific experiments with an eddy current flow meter have been realized for two periodic void distribution...

Based on a laser diode, a 12 × 6 photodiode array sensor, and machine learning techniques, a new void fraction measurement method for gas-liquid two-phase flow in small channels is proposed. To overcome the influence of flow pattern on the void fraction measurement, the flow pattern of the two-phase flow is firstly identified by Fisher Discriminant Analysis (FDA). Then, according to the identif...

In process industries, the measurement of void fraction is considerably important for sustainable operations. The erroneous calculation of void fraction is inevitably be the cause of many industrial accidents such as loss of coolant accidents in reactor operations, sweet corrosions in sub-sea oil and gas pipelines and an in-efficient process control of chemical plants. Keeping in view the impor...