INTRODUCTION In a group of persons using the voice occupationally, the frequent symptoms are hoarseness, voice fatigability and aphonia. Pathological changes in the larynx may have organic or functional character which require different methods of treatment and rehabilitation. Visualization of vibrations of the vocal folds is an essential condition for an appropriate assessment of the causes of...

introduction: the every possible attempt in voice disorders assessment is to gather samples which represent individual s’ actual voice in the daily speech. the researchers have found that voice characteristics in reading a passage are closer to daily speech. making texts has been started since early 20th century. the lack o f suitable text in farsi language makes it difficult to conduct requisi...

0740-7475/02/$17.00 © 2002 IEEE July–August 2002 WELCOME to this special issue on embedded systems, which are information-processing systems embedded in larger products, such as cars, airplanes, and fabrication or communication equipment. In most embedded systems, information processing is invisible to the user. The main reason for buying such a system is not information processing, but the sys...

The centralised control rooms of large industrial plants have separated people from the processes they should control. Perception is restricted mainly to the visual sense. Only telephone or radio links provide narrow-band voice communication with maintenance personnel down in the plant. Multimedia equipment can perceptionally bring back the operator into the plant while bodily keeping him the c...

Innovation, the lifeline to survival in the telecommunications market, has spurred the telecommunications industry to adopt next-generation SONET/SDH as the most economical and technologically feasible solution for transmitting both voice and data over carrier networks. According to Marian Stasney, a Yankee Group senior analyst, “As bandwidth demand increases or equipment becomes obsolete in me...

Introduction: Laryngeal burns cause long-term voice disorders due to mucosal changes of the vocal folds. Inhalation injuries affect voice production and result in changes in the mucosal thickness and voice quality.   Case Report: A 47-year-old woman was transferred to our department with laryngeal burns sustained during a house fire. On laryngoscopic examination, mucosal waves of both vocal fol...

The Army Research Laboratory (ARL) is developing sensor technology to monitor the soldier’s voice and physiology by using enhanced acoustic sensors. The physiological sensor consists of liquid or gel contained within a small, conformable, rubber bladder or pad that also includes a hydrophone. This enables the collection of high signal-to-noise ratio cardiac, respiratory, voice, and other physio...

In this paper we examine three di erent approximation techniques for modeling packet loss in nite-bu er voice multiplexers. The performance models studied di er primarily in the manner in which the superposition of the voice sources (i.e., the arrival process) is modeled. The rst approach models the superimposed voice sources as a renewal process and performance calculations are based only on t...