Oncolytic Virotherapies In article number 2206948, Ying Wu, Ning Li, Funan Liu, and co-workers provide a more advanced approach to cancer immunotherapy, i.e. the oncolytic virotherapy. viruses selectively replicate in tumor cells exert antitumor effects through direct oncolysis inducting immune responses, where antigens from lysing enhance immunity.

Oncolytic virotherapy, a type of nanomedicine in which oncolytic viruses (OVs) are used to selectively infect and lyse cancer cells, is an emerging field in cancer therapy. Some OVs exhibit a specific tropism for cancer cells, whereas others require genetic modification to enhance their binding with and entry into cancer cells. OVs both kill tumor cells and induce the host's immune response aga...

Gastrointestinal cancer has been one of the five most commonly diagnosed and leading causes of cancer mortality over the past few decades. Great progress in traditional therapies has been made, which prolonged survival in patients with early cancer, yet tumor relapse and drug resistance still occurred, which is explained by the cancer stem cell (CSC) theory. Oncolytic virotherapy has attracted ...

Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a potentially lethal clinical complication arising from the transfer of alloreactive T lymphocytes into immunocompromised recipients. Despite conventional methods of T cell depletion, GVHD remains a major challenge in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant. Here, we demonstrate a novel method of preventing GVHD by ex vivo treatment of primary human hematopo...

1 In contrast to most other cancer therapies, early research with oncolytic viruses (OV) tended to use direct or intratumoural routes of administration, initially motivated by concerns that the major limitation of intravenous delivery would be immune attack against the viruses, whether by complement, cytokine or most critically neutralising antibodies. Even in the absence of preformed circulati...