Intensive fish farming at high densities results in a wide range of adverse consequences on welfare, including pathogen spreading, stress and increased mortality rates. In this work, we have assessed whether the survival Senegalese sole infected with nervous necrosis virus (NNV), responsible for severe disease outbreaks, is affected by rearing density. Based different ratios per surface area (g...

The recently reported SAF-1 cell line from fins of gilt-head seabream was evaluated for susceptibility to lymphocystis disease virus (LDV) and to several salmonid fish viruses, such as infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV), viral haemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) and several strains of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV). LDV, VHSV and IHNV replicated well in the cultured f...

Background: Hepatitis activity index (HAI) and fibrosing stage are two important findings during the evaluation of liver samples in patients with chronic hepatitis B. The aim of this study was to determine the HAI and fibrosing stage in patients with anti-HBe positive chronic hepatitis B. Methods: Liver biopsy slides of 72 patients were evaluated at the Department of Pathology in two teaching ...

By using cell-type-specific markers and neural cultures derived from various areas of the nervous system, it has been possible to identify various interactions between OC43 virus and mouse oligodendrocytes, neurons, astrocytes, and fibroblasts. Neurons derived from dorsal root ganglia produced viral antigen and infectious virus. Astrocytes and fibroblasts both produced viral antigen but not inf...

Lumpfish are used routinely as cleaner fish to delouse farmed Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar ) and often translocated globally. In September 2021, an aquaculture production business in Dorset, England experienced considerable mortalities consignments of lumpfish Cyclopterus lumpus imported from Norway. Following suspicion infection with virus (CLuV) by a veterinarian, commercial testing provided...

A multiplex reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR assay was developed for the simultaneous detection of three different fish viruses: infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV), infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV), and viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV). The sensitivity levels of the multiplex RT-PCR assay were 100, 1, and 32 50% tissue culture infective doses/ml for IPNV, IHNV, and...