Betanodavirus infection causes fatal disease of viral nervous necrosis in many cultured marine and freshwater fish worldwide and the virus-like particles (VLP) are effective vaccines against betanodavirus. But vaccine and viral vector designs of betanodavirus VLP based on their structures remain lacking. Here, the three-dimensional structure of orange-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus (OGN...

Indonesia sebagai negara maritim yang memiliki sumber daya ikan melimpa namun tidak lepas dari berbagai infeksi jenis virus. Infeksi virus pada menyebabkan kematian akibat kerusakan multiorgan seperti nekrosis dan perdarahan. Kematian mengakibatkan kerugian ekonomi bagi para pembudidaya ikan. Kurangnya pengetahuan tentang penyakit pencehahannya menjadi salah satu faktor tingginya kasus Tulisan ...

Using viral metagenomics of brain tissue from a young adult crossbreed steer with acute onset of neurologic disease, we sequenced the complete genome of a novel astrovirus (BoAstV-NeuroS1) that was phylogenetically related to an ovine astrovirus. In a retrospective analysis of 32 cases of bovine encephalitides of unknown etiology, 3 other infected animals were detected by using PCR and in situ ...

Acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE) is a severe neurological complication of influenza infection, including H1N1 influenza. Many cases of ANE have been reported in the pediatric literature, but very few cases have been described in adults. The cause of ANE remains unknown-the influenza virus is not known to be neurotropic, and evidence of direct viral involvement of the central nervous syste...

In the present study, the effects of Chlorella vulgaris on blood and immunological parameters of Caspian salmon (Salmo trutta caspius) before and after exposure to Viral Nervous Necrosis (VNN) virus were examined. In this regard, four treatments in triplicate were chosen. Groups included one control and 3treatments (T1, T2 and T3).  Fish in control group, T1, T2 and T3 were fed diets supplement...

Intensive fish farming at high densities results in a wide range of adverse consequences on welfare, including pathogen spreading, stress and increased mortality rates. In this work, we have assessed whether the survival Senegalese sole infected with nervous necrosis virus (NNV), responsible for severe disease outbreaks, is affected by rearing density. Based different ratios per surface area (g...