OBJECTIVE Recent data suggest that pretreatment HPV (Human papillomavirus) viral load is useful to predict the severity of intraepithelial lesions of the uterine cervix and formulate a treatment plan. However, the relationship between initial HPV viral load and prognosis of cervical cancer patients has not yet been clearly defined. The objective of this study was to determine whether HPV viral ...

BACKGROUND Eliminating HIV transmission in a population necessitates identifying population reservoirs of HIV infection and subgroups most likely to transmit. HIV viral load is the single most important predictor of HIV transmission. The objective of this analysis was to evaluate whether a public health practice pilot project based on community viral load resulted in increases in the proportion...

OBJECTIVES Among antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naive individuals, viral load levels tend to increase and CD4(+) cell counts decline over time. We sought to explore the rate of change and influence of other factors associated with these markers of HIV progression. DESIGN An observational cohort collaboration study. METHODS A total of 158 385 pairs of consecutive viral load and CD4(+) cell cou...

Plasma HIV-1 RNA concentration, or viral load, is an indication of the magnitude of virus replication and largely correlates with disease progression in an infected person. It is a very useful guide for initiation of therapy and monitoring of response to antiretroviral drugs. Although the majority of patients who are not on antiretroviral therapy (ART) have a high viral load, a small proportion...

Since the year 2000 there has been a steep increased in the number of HIV/AIDS patients in Indonesia , coming mostly from intravenous drug users. Antiretroviral treatment has been proved to decrease mortality and increase quality of life of HIV/AIDS patients. The treatment is given according to clinical condition of the patients, number of CD4 and viral load. In this study, CD4 and viral load w...

Deletion, anergy, and a spectrum of functional impairments can affect virus-specific CD8 cells in chronic viral infections. Here we characterize a low frequency population of CD8 cells present in chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection which survive in the face of a high quantity of viral antigen. Although they do not appear to exert immunological pressure in vivo, these CD8 cells are not cla...

OBJECTIVE This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in pregnant women at the end of pregnancy in Kuwait using cord blood and maternal urine. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Urine samples were collected prior to childbirth, and cord blood was collected immediately after delivery from 983 women. Anti-CMV IgG and IgM antibodies were determined using...

BACKGROUND The availability of sensitive assays for plasma HIV viral load and the trend toward earlier and more aggressive treatment of HIV infection has led to the inappropriate use of these assays as primary tools for the diagnosis of acute HIV infection. OBJECTIVE To describe limitations in the use of plasma viral load testing for the diagnosis of HIV infection. DESIGN Case series. SET...

Steady state and transient response analysis for an HIV/AIDS model will be conducted in order to determine the extent to which the viral load is suppressible. Results indicate that viral dynamics, before and after the initiation of therapy, are oscillatory, and as such, the viral load will transiently oscillate before settling to some on treatment steady state. Conditions that are conducive to ...

Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is angiogeneic chemokine that plays a potential role in both development and progression of many human malignancies including nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Epstein- Barr virus (EBV) is recognized to be an important etiologic agent of NPC as the viral gene products are frequently detected in NPC tissue along with the elevation of antibody titre to the viral protein (VCA-p1...