نتایج جستجو برای: vertical density profile
تعداد نتایج: 702379 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
When the profile information of an existing road is missing or not up-to-date and the parameters of the vertical alignment are needed for engineering analysis, the engineer has to recreate the geometric design features of the road alignment using collected profile data. The profile data may be collected using traditional surveying methods, global positioning systems, or digital imagery. This pa...
Measurements of turbulent fluctuations of horizontal and vertical components of velocity, salinity and suspended particulate matter are presented. Turbulent Prandtl numbers are found to increase with stratification and to become larger than 1. Consequently, the vertical turbulent mass transport is suppressed by buoyancy forces, before the turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) and vertical turbulent mo...
A turn-by-turn vertical beam profile monitor has been developed at the Cornell Electron Storage Ring (CESR). The instrument optically images the vertical beam distribution with an array of optical fibers that transport visible synchrotron radiation to an array of photo-multiplier tubes. Each PMT signal is recorded by a turn-by-turn data acquisition system. With this instrument, we compare profi...
Vertical soundings of the atmospheric ion production rate have been obtained from Geiger counters integrated with conventional meteorological radiosondes. In launches made from Reading (UK) during 2013–2014, the Regener–Pfotzer ionisation maximum was at an altitude equivalent to a pressure of (63.172.4) hPa, or, expressed in terms of the local air density, (0.10170.005) kg m . The measured ioni...
In this paper, we suggest a novel model, based on input pump power and wave guidestructure, to calculate the Er-density profile in Erbium doped fiber amplifiers. This optimization is carried out for both SMF and DSF fibers. These optimized profiles have a Gaussian-like shape. Using the SMF optimized Er-density profile, high gain enhancement is obtained in a relatively short length of fibers. ...
with nl−1 = nr+1 = 0. The sequence (nl, . . . , n−1;n0, . . . , nr) is called the vertical profile of the tree. The vertical profile of a uniform random tree of size n is known to converge, in a certain sense and after normalization, to a random mesure called the integrated superbrownian excursion, which motivates our interest in the profile. We prove similar looking formulas for other families...
The vertical profile of aerosol is important for its radiative effects, but weakly constrained by observations on the global scale, and highly variable among different models. To investigate the controlling factors in one particular model, we investigate the effects of individual processes in HadGEM3–UKCA and compare the resulting diversity of aerosol vertical profiles with the inter-model dive...
A new inverse diffraction algorithm has been developed to estimate the fine-scale ionospheric electron density variations that cause equatorial scintillation in GPS signals. This work is part of an effort to image the disturbed ionosphere in order to better understand scintillation from a scientific standpoint. The new algorithm relies on a physical model of how electron density irregularities ...
The fuel complex variables canopy bulk density and canopy base height are often used to predict crown fire initiation and spread. Direct measurement of these variables is impractical, and they are usually estimated indirectly by modelling. Recent advances in predicting crown fire behaviour require accurate estimates of the complete vertical distribution of canopy fuels. The objectives of the pr...
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