Receiver function is defined as the spectral ratio of the radial component and the vertical component of the ground motion. It is used to characterize converted waves. We extend the use of the receiver function to downhole data using waves recorded in a borehole, excited by an earthquake of magnitude 4.0 near San Francisco, California, on 26 June 1994. The focal depth of the event was 6.6 km an...

Intermediate-focus earthquakes are known to show features such as nondouble-couple focal mechanisms that indicate source complexities. To characterize these features, we have systematically studied the low-frequency radiation from 108 intermediate-focus earthquakes recorded by high-performance seismic networks from 1989–1997 whose total moment was 3 10 N m. We determined frequency-dependent foc...

The importance of the equipment and secondary systems in seismic design and performance evaluation is well recognized and has been the subject of many studies. In all of these studies, earthquake is considered as a single component, and in most of them the primary system is considered as shear building. Most attention has been concentrated on the response of secondary system and its response sp...


 Past studies have demonstrated that the vertical earthquake component can substantially affect seismic performance of bridges and buildings. This is typically ignored or, when included in design, estimated as two-thirds horizontal design earthquake. paper presents characterization acceleration amplitude moderate strong earthquakes Colombia (Moment magnitude Mw > 4) occurred between Ju...

Abstract In the seismic design of long-span bridges, classic bi-linear model was used to simulate frictional restoring force rubber bearings. However, in actual earthquake, bearing suffered fluctuating axial pressure even separated from beam when vertical component earthquake too strong. Employing for may incorrectly estimate response bearings, as well whole bridge. This paper developed a nonli...

Pulse period of earthquake records has been known as a key parameter in seismology and earthquake engineering. This paper presents a detailed characterization of this parameter for a special class of earthquake records called pulse-like ground motions. This type of motions often resulting from directivity effects is characterized by a strong pulse in the velocity time history of motion, in norm...

The prediction of liquefaction potential of soil due to an earthquake is an essential task in Civil Engineering. The decision tree is a tree structure consisting of internal and terminal nodes which process the data to ultimately yield a classification. C4.5 is a known algorithm widely used to design decision trees. In this algorithm, a pruning process is carried out to solve the problem of the...

The excavation in the Wanfung area has provided evidence for at least three earthquake ruptures, including the 1999 ChiChi one. The Chi-Chi earthquake formed an obviously major reverse fault, backthrust, and several minor normal faults, accompanied by a teardrop-shape anticline in the fault tip. Paleoseismic ruptures I and II show the vertical displacement of 0.4 m and 1.2 m, respectively, whic...

An earthquake with the magnitude of 5.9 Mw occurred in Qeshm Island and Hormozgan province in November 27th 2005. 3D co-seismic deformation field caused by the earthquake are determined based on the ascending and descending interferograms and azimuth offsets. The peak to peak estimated displacement is about 10 cm in west, 69 cm in north and 22 cm in vertical directions. We apply strain analysis...