Intra-specific variation in host-plant quality affects herbivore foraging decisions and, in turn, herbivore foraging decisions mediate plant fitness. In particular, variation in defenses against herbivores, both among and within plants, shapes herbivore behavior. If variation in defenses is genetically based, it can respond to natural selection by herbivores. We quantified intra-specific variat...

BACKGROUND Verbascum thapsus is used in tribal medicine as an antispasmodic, anti-tubercular agent and wormicide. In this study, we investigated the antispasmodic and anthelmintic activities of crude aqueous methanolic extract of the plant. METHODS V. thapsus extracts were tested against roundworms (Ascaridia galli) and tapeworms (Raillietina spiralis). Each species of worm was placed into a ...

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are associated with almost all plants in nature and are ubiquitous. The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi status of 10 wild herb and shrub was investigated during winter and summer season in Pine forest of himalaya(HP). The herbs and shrubs investigated for studied are: Reinwardtia indica, Berberis lycium, Viola serpens,Taraxacum officinale, Caryopteris wallichiana...

Verbascum × aytachii nothosp. nov. H. Duman & Uzunh. (sect. Bothrospermae) is described and illustrated as a new natural hybrid from the Orhaneli (Bursa Region) area in Western Anatolia, Turkey. This species identified to have some intermediate morphological palynological characteristics that place it between parents which are V. ekicii basivelatum. A comprehensive description, ecology, distrib...

Ongoing changes in Earth's climate are shifting the elevation ranges of many plant species with non-native species often experiencing greater expansion into higher elevations than native species. These climate change-induced shifts in distributions inevitably expose plants to novel biotic and abiotic environments, including altered solar ultraviolet (UV)-B (280-315 nm) radiation regimes. Do the...

A research project dealing with the phytoremediation of a soil polluted by some heavy metals is currently running. The case study is represented by a mining area in Hamedan province in the central west part of Iran. The potential of phytoextraction and phytostabilization of plants was evaluated considering the concentration of heavy metals in the plant tissues and also the bioconcentration fact...

background & aim: verbascum songaricum is a perennial herbaceous belongs to the scrophulariaceae (snapdragon) family. current study was done to study the environmental conditions effect on phytochemical properties of verbascum songaricum leaves for extracting the effective materials. experimental: this study was conducted at five range sites, including hoze valley, ghahiz, someirom, ghale ...