The paper describes the main phonetic characteristics (acoustic, aerodynamic and articulatory) of Kinyarwanda prenasalized stops, focussing on voiceless consonants. We conclude from instrumental observations that the phonetic description of these sounds should be redefined. Consonants previously described as voiceless prenasalized stops in Rwanda are in fact whispery voiced nasal stops. Finally...

Natural speech is produced by the vocal organs of a particular talker. The acoustic features of the speech signal must therefore be correlated with the movements of the articulators (lips, jaw, tongue, velum,...). For instance, hearing impaired people (and not only them) improve their understanding of speech by lip reading. This chapter is an overview of audiovisual speech processing with empha...

Blake's pouch cyst is a rare posterior fossa cystic lesion characterized by posterior ballooning of the superior medullary velum into the cisterna magna. It must be differentiated from severe malformations like inferior vermian hypoplasia and Dandy Walker malformation. We describe a case in which a diagnosis of Blake's pouch cyst was made on prenatal ultrasound and later confirmed by MRI. The c...

lateral ventricle; much fluid about velum, and large quantity in base of skull, after removal of brain.?Chest: Some inconsiderable old adhesions of lungs, with spots of inflammation in each organ; also hepatisation. Heart greatly enlarged, of compact, dense structure, and cavities tilled with coagula. No. 43.?M., set. 38. In hospital ten years, eight months, and two weeks.? Head: General infilt...

This paper reports on present work, in which a recurrent neural network is trained to estimate ‘velum height’ during continuous speech. Parallel acoustic-articulatory data comprising more than 400 read TIMIT sentences is obtained using electromagnetic articulography (EMA). This data is processed and used as training data for a range of neural network sizes. The network demonstrating the highest...