Welding process is common in manufacturing industry especially for car component assembly. The demand on vehicles in development contry has push the SMIs to contribute the economic forward.The purpose of this study is to monitor the toxic gases level in the welding process in SMIs. The case study was done in two car component manufacturer which is a supply for national car. The data from monito...

Case-study research was carried out with a view to find the attributes of occupational injury among workers in the chemical industry and to enhance safety issues. Injury data were collected and processed in terms of different variables, such as age, gender, skills, type of hazard, etc. Pareto analysis was then applied to find a pattern of occupational injury among the workers. The study reveale...

The article ‘From cigarette smuggling to illicit tobacco trade’ exposes the modus operandi in illicit trade that highlights the need for global cooperation in eliminating the illicit trade of tobacco products (see page 230). It must be emphasised as well that the protocol can only be as strong as the weakest link in the chain of states that will participate in it. Ideally, all countries current...

Crop monitoring is important in precision agriculture. Estimating above-ground biomass helps to monitor crop vitality and to predict yield. In this study, we estimated fresh and dry biomass on a summer barley test site with 18 cultivars and two nitrogen (N)-treatments using the plant height (PH) from crop surface models (CSMs). The superhigh resolution, multi-temporal (1 cm/pixel) CSMs were der...

The UK External Vehicle Speed Control has made a prediction of the accident savings with ISA, and estimated the costs and benefits of national implementation. The best prediction of accident reduction was that the fitting on all vehicles of a simple mandatory ISA, with which it would be impossible for vehicles to exceed the speed limit, would save 20% of injury accidents and 37% of fatal accide...

although there are remarkable differences in drivers’ behavior as well as vehicles characteristics, road capacity estimationmethods in developing countries are same as developed ones. so, the discrepancy between the theoretical andpractical values of capacity is inevitable. although, capacity estimation methods can be classified based on numerousparameters, in developing countries, the availabi...

OBJECTIVES The Spanish government has strengthened tobacco control policies since 2005, including changes in tobacco taxes. Because these changes have targeted cigarettes mainly, the tobacco industry has marketed cheaper alternative tobacco products, offering smokers the possibility to downtrade. This paper traces the evolution of patterns of demand for cigarettes and other tobacco products in ...

In general insurance tariffs consist of two components: First risks are classified according to a vector of basic criteria, say Xt, which for example in automobile insurance depend on the type or the power of the vehicles. Given the basic premiums, Xta, further extra charges and discounts are rated depending on usually more individual characteristics of the risk (say Zt). All relevant tariffs c...

In this era of digital convergence, telematics has been hailed as a field with unlimited market potential. Telematics involves the integrated use of telecommunications and informatics and thus can provide drivers and passengers with high-value services with a number of functions, including location traffic information, internet access, and vehicle testing. This study discusses the regional deve...

The rising number of loading devices called swap bodies in road transport has created new opportunities for carriers and novel challenges for researchers in vehicle routing synchronization. Nevertheless, there are few vehicle routing models in literature that integrate swap bodies for combined road transport and there is no known best practice in the industry to handle these opportunities. In t...