The aim of the study was to analyse polyphenols compounds from vegetal product Holoschoeni rhizome and its antioxidant capacity in order to justify traditional therapeutic using (livery protect effect). The separation, identification and quantification of polyphenols compounds were made through High performance of liquid chromatography (HPLC), standardized method according USP30-NF25 Monograph....

Departamento de Biologı́a Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnologı́a, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 510–3, Cuernavaca Morelos 62271, México (L.C., F.S., C.Q.); Biology Department, Morrill Science Center, University of Massachusetts, Box 35810, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003–5810 (T.L.H.-C., J.G.K., P.K.H.); Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, P–2780–156 Oeiras, Portug...

We found that there are two major pathways by which RNAs are localized at the vegetal cortex during oogenesis of Xenopus laevis. One of these, through which Xlsirts, Xcat2 and Xwnt11 are localized, involves transport during stages 1 and 2 of oogenesis via a region of the mitochondrial cloud that we call the message transport organizer or METRO. This pathway involved three steps, transport of RN...

In amphibians such as Xenopus laevis, the initial polarity of the oocyte is established during oogenesis to produce animal and vegetal hemispheres with extensive structural and compositional differences. The animal-vegetal polarity ot the egg is reinforced by "Surtace Contraction Waves" (SCWs), occurring immediately prior to each cleavage division (Hara et aI., 1980; Sawai, 1982). These are ins...

During amphibian gastrulation, presumptive endoderm is internalised as part of vegetal rotation, a large-scale movement that encompasses the whole vegetal half of the embryo. It has been considered a gastrulation process unique to amphibians, but we show that at the cell level, endoderm internalisation exhibits characteristics reminiscent of bottle cell formation and ingression, known mechanism...

An animal-vegetal net ionic current identified previously using voltage probe techniques in maturing Xenopus laevis oocytes has now been investigated using noninvasive ion-selective microelectrodes. Three-dimensional fluxes of hydrogen (H(+)), potassium (K(+)), and bicarbonate (HCO(3)(-)) were characterized with respect to the developmental stage and hemisphere of the oocyte and presence of sur...

Prospects of doubling global wheat yields Malcolm J. Hawkesford, Jose-Luis Araus, Robert Park, Daniel Calderini, Daniel Miralles, Tianmin Shen, Jianping Zhang & Martin A. J. Parry Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, AL5 2JQ, United Kingdom Unitat de Fisiologia Vegetal, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain Plant Breeding Institute, Faculty of Agricul...

We have measured the expression of 41 maternal mRNAs in individual blastomeres collected from the 8 to 32-cell Xenopus laevis embryos to determine when and how asymmetry in the body plan is introduced. We demonstrate that the asymmetry along the animal-vegetal axis in the oocyte is transferred to the daughter cells during early cell divisions. All studied mRNAs are distributed evenly among the ...