Myoendothelial microdomain signaling via localized calcium-activated potassium channel (K(Ca)) and gap junction connexins (Cx) is critical for endothelium-dependent vasodilation in rat mesenteric artery. The present study determines the relative contribution of NO and gap junction-K(Ca) mediated microdomain signaling to endothelium-dependent vasodilation in human mesenteric artery. The hypothes...

To explore the relation between myocardial and vascular injury in the generation of the no-reflow phenomenon, the pressure-flow relation during maximal vasodilation after coronary artery reperfusion was studied in the open-chest porcine model. During both endogenous and maximal vasodilation with intracoronary adenosine, pressure-flow (P/Q) plots were constructed before and after 20-minute (n = ...

Cerebral hypoperfusion is associated with enhanced cognitive decline and increased risk of neuropsychiatric disorders. Erythropoietin (EPO) a neurotrophic factor known to improve function in preclinical clinical studies neurodegenerative psychiatric However, the application EPO limited due its erythropoietic activity that can adversely elevate hematocrit non-anemic populations. Carbamoylated er...

UNLABELLED The reduction in nitric oxide (NO)-mediated vascular function with age has largely been determined by flow-mediated dilation (FMD). However, in light of recent uncertainty surrounding the NO dependency of FMD and the recognition that brachial artery (BA) vasodilation during handgrip exercise is predominantly NO-mediated in the young, we sought to determine the contribution of NO to B...

OBJECTIVES We examined whether endogenous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is involved in pacing-induced metabolic vasodilation in vivo. BACKGROUND We have previously demonstrated that endothelium-derived H2O2 is an endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor in canine coronary microcirculation in vivo. However, the role of endogenous H2O2 in metabolic coronary vasodilation in vivo remains to be exami...

BACKGROUND Hypercholesterolemia and sickle cell disease (SCD) impair endothelium-dependent vasodilation by dissimilar mechanisms. Hypercholesterolemia impairs vasodilation by a low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-dependent mechanism. SCD has been characterized as a chronic state of inflammation in which xanthine oxidase (XO) from ischemic tissues increases vascular superoxide anion (O2*-) generation....

Therapeutic heating causes vasodilation in the heated tissue, thus increasing the rate of blood flow to increase the delivery of oxygen and nutrient and the removal of waste products. Therapeutic heating causes vasodilation by stimulating thermoreceptors that directly cause vascular smooth muscle relaxation and indirectly activate local spinal cord reflexes. In addition, therapeutic heating pro...

The muscarinic receptor mediating vasodilation of resistance vessels in the rat isolated, constant-pressure perfused kidney (preconstriction by 10(-7) M cirazoline) was characterized by subtype-preferring agonists and selective antagonists. The agonists produced vasodilation with the following rank order of potency: arecaidine propargyl ester (APE) > 5-methylfurtrethonium = methacholine = oxotr...