PURPOSE To assess the accuracy of knee alignment after high tibial osteotomy (HTO) for varus knee deformity using arthroscopy-assisted computer navigation. METHODS Six men and 4 women aged 47 to 53 (mean, 49) years underwent medial open wedge HTO for varus knee deformity and medial unicompartmental osteoarthritis using arthroscopy-assisted computer navigation with fluoroscopy. Patients were f...

Two clinically distinct forms of Blount disease (early-onset and late-onset), based on whether the lower-limb deformity develops before or after the age of four years, have been described. Although the etiology of Blount disease may be multifactorial, the strong association with childhood obesity suggests a mechanical basis. A comprehensive analysis of multiplanar deformities in the lower extre...

This clinical note describes a typical case of dynamic varus deformity of the hind part of the foot in a head injured adult. Gait analysis objectified, by kinematic data, the perturbed movement of the rear foot in the frontal plane and identified, by dynamic electromyography, the overactive muscle (posterior tibialis) involved in the deformity. The diagnosis was confirmed by a motor point block...

We performed an in vitro study on twelve specimens of the foot and ankle from cadavera to determine whether varus malalignment of the talar neck alters the position of the foot and subtalar motion. An osteotomy of the talar neck was performed, and the specimens were studied with and without removal of a medially based wedge of bone. Removal of the wedge produced an average varus malalignment of...

Stress fracture of the proximal tibia after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is very rare. We found only 16 cases in a review of the literature. We report the case of a 76-year-old obese woman who sustained a stress fracture of the right proximal tibia without trauma 18 months after TKA. Pain developed in the proximal medial aspect of the tibia during walking. Physical examination showed tendernes...

Angular deformities of the distal femur occur in congenital diseases or due to acquired causes, such as malunion after a fracture of the distal femur. Angular deformities of the lower extremities affect the mechanical axis, causing changes in the weight pressure on the articular surface. As a result, angular deformities quicken the progression of osteoarthritis. Therefore, correction of deformi...

Bone, joint, and soft‐tissue deformities of the lower limb have been shown to influence the integrity of ipsilateral joints.[1‐3] For example, increased varus/valgus deformity of an arthritic ankle has been associated with increased arthritis in the ipsilateral knee.[1] One study showed that in patients with varus knee and valgus hindfoot deformities, correction of knee alignment with total kne...

Supracondytar fractures of the humerus are common in childhood, and in less developed countries many late malunions are seen. A restricted range of elbow movement often makes it difficult to measure varus-valgus deformity clinically. This can be assessed from bony points but may be hindered by chronic swelling around the elbow. In these cases the pronation-supination range of the forearm is alm...