The present study was planned to investigate the efficiency of explicit teaching and adequacy of the L2 learners' exposure to L2 input in academic contexts in Iran. The case at hand was the acquisition of referential, quasi and expletive subject pronouns, as three different types of obligatory subjects in English. 96 Iranian EFL learners were selected from two universities in Isfahan. They were...

SFI Working Papers contain accounts of scienti5ic work of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the Santa Fe Institute. We accept papers intended for publication in peer-reviewed journals or proceedings volumes, but not papers that have already appeared in print. Except for papers by our external faculty, papers must be based on work done at SFI, inspired by an invited vis...

english passive has always been regarded as a challenge by farsi-speaking efl learners. despite the presence of many linguistic and pedagogical approaches in studying and teaching english passive, there still appears to be a pedagogical gap facing farsi-speaking efl learners dealing with this construction. taking up the cognitive-construction grammar perspective, the present article aims to inv...

there are a variety of electrocardiogram (ecg) based methods to detect myocardial infarction (mi) patients. this study used the signal averaged electrocardiogram (saecg) and its wavelet coefficient as an index to detect mi. orthogonal leads signals from 50 acute myocardial infarction (ami) and 50 healthy subjects were selected from the national metrology institute of germany (ptb diagnostic dat...

garbage collectors are occupationally exposed to a variety of airborne contaminants. the main objective of this study was to evaluate the respiratory health of garbage collectors. this study was carried out in fars province, south of iran. a group of 105 garbage collectors and 93 referent subjects were investigated. a standard questionnaire was administered to both groups. furthermore, subjects...

recently‎, ‎the authors gave some conditions under which a direct product‎ ‎of finitely many groups is $mathcal{v}-$capable if and only if each of its‎ ‎factors is $mathcal{v}-$capable for some varieties $mathcal{v}$‎. ‎in this paper‎, ‎we extend this fact to any infinite direct product of groups‎. ‎moreover‎, ‎we conclude some results for $mathcal{v}-$capability of direct products of infinitel...