A formal method to allow designers to explicitly make trade-off decisions is presented. The methodology can be used when an engineer wishes to rate the design by the weakest aspect, or by cooperatively considering the overall performance, or a combination of these strategies. The design problem is formulated with preference rankings, similar to a utility theory or fuzzy sets approach. This appr...

Cadmium (Cd) is a non-essential transition metal which is introduced into the biosphere by various anthropogenic activities. Environmental pollution with Cd poses a major health risk and Cd toxicity has been extensively researched over the past decades. This review aims at changing the perspective by discussing protection mechanisms available to counteract a Cd insult. Antioxidants, induction o...

this study concerns with calculation of iran's agricultural bilateral trade costs and major influential factors in iran's bilateral trade with developed and developing countries. the main findings revealed that over the period 1995-2010 weighted average of agricultural trade cost with developing partners has declined by 44, and with developed partners has increased by 22 percent. this reduction...

The objective of this paper is to explore the effect of financial crisis on trade flows of steel industries in the major Asian-Pacific steel producing countries. Using a static and dynamic panel data analysis, we test the hypothesis that the global financial crisis has a negative effect on Asia-Pacific bilateral steel trade flows. We also examine the role of regional trade integration in bilate...

Trade execution is concerned with the actual mechanics of buying or selling the desired amount of a financial instrument. Investors wishing to execute large orders face a tradeoff between market impact and opportunity cost. Trade execution strategies are designed to balance out these costs, thereby minimising total trading cost. Despite the importance of optimising the trade execution process, ...

This article is about the relationship between research and change in working life. It focuses upon changes in technology and work organization, and includes changes in information systems. It also focuses upon research that is action oriented. Such “actionresearch”—we will call it this until our discussion in the concluding section—highlights the relationship between the researcher and the act...

This paper analyzes the e¤ects of the formation of a regional trade agreement on the level and nature of multinational …rm activity. We examine aggregate data that captures the response of U.S. multinational …rms to the formation of the ASEAN free trade agreement. Observed patterns guide the development of a model in which heterogeneous …rms from a source country decide how to serve two foreign...

This paper aims to analyse the value of merchandise through a broad category of trade between Australia and nine selected Latin American countries by using a gravity model focusing on the period from 1998 to 2004. The traditional crosssectional data is a useful tool to understand this bilateral trade focusing on exports and imports through primary products, manufactured products, and total merc...