X-ray computed tomography (CT) systems with high resolution (also known as micro-CT systems) have been developed over the last two decades and have been used with great success in small animal studies. A micro-CT scanner is based on the same underlying physical principle as a clinical CT scanner, but it is designed for higher-resolution imaging. It produces three-dimensional (3D) tomographic da...

Young O stars are strong, hard, and variable X-ray sources; properties that strongly affect their circumstellar and galactic environments. After ≈ 1 Myr, these stars settle down to become steady sources of soft X-rays. I will use high-resolution X-ray spectroscopy and MHD modeling to show that young O stars like θ Ori C are well explained by the magnetically channeled wind shock scenario. After...

This paper presents the results of X-ray CT imaging of the microstructure of sand particles subjected to high pressure one-dimensional compression leading to particle crushing. A high resolution X-ray CT machine capable of in situ imaging was employed to capture images of the whole volume of a sand sample subjected to compressive stresses up to 79.3 MPa. Images of the whole sample obtained at d...

The X-ray charge density analysis of a hydroxynaphthoquinnne derivative was obtained by multipolar Hansen-Coppens formalism refinement through high resolution X-ray diffraction data at 100(1) K. The molecularproperties of the title compound resulted from the combined experimental and the quantum theory of atoms inmolecules (QTAIM) studies. The topological properties of the covalent bonds and of...

Computer tomography (CT) is a radiological imaging method which yields transverse tomographic images reflecting with high accuracy the spatial distribution of x-ray attenuation in the part examined. The contrast resolution achieved by CT permits the visualization of soft tissue structure heretofore invisible with conventional radiographic procedure. The CT image is reconstructed by a computer a...

Improving Statistical Image Reconstruction for Cardiac X-ray Computed Tomography by Jang Hwan Cho Chair: Jeffrey A. Fessler X-ray computed tomography (CT) is one of the most widely used imaging modalities for medical diagnosis. Recent advancements in CT scanner technology have led to increased use of CT in various applications. Unfortunately, these technological advances in CT imaging pose new ...

According as the progress of medical technique, X-ray imaging systems have been progressed. Especially, X-ray CT imaging system have been improved and widely used as general diagnostic methods nowadays in Japan. However, the doses for patients of X-ray CT imaging are relatively higher than of other Xray examinations. The dose estimations and optimizations on X-ray CT are very important for medi...

During the last years, a number of novel X-ray imaging and data processing methods have been developed. This work gives an overview of some selected X-ray computed tomography (CT)-developments, which are relevant for research and industry: 1) Advanced CT-data processing and visualization methods: Only through processing, segmentation, evaluation and visualization of CT data, insights of a sampl...

BACKGROUND Micro computed tomography (micro CT) has been shown to provide exceptionally high quality imaging of the fine structural detail within urinary calculi. We tested the idea that micro CT might also be used to identify the mineral composition of urinary stones non-destructively. METHODS Micro CT x-ray attenuation values were measured for mineral that was positively identified by infra...