In MANETs, there are many routing protocols like table-driven and on-demand routing protocols. Among these protocols, on-demand routing protocols are very sensitive in achieving the major challenges of MANET such as routing, security, bandwidth, quality of service and reliability and so on. The most popular on-demand routing protocols are Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector (AODV), Dynamic Source ...

We provide a random variable characterization of the necessary and sufficient conditions for a shift of the distribution of rate of return on the risky asset in the two asset portfolio problem to reduce demand for all risk–averse expected utility maximizing investors. We provide random variable characterizations of the shifts that reduce both demand and expected utility for all risk–averse inve...

This paper focuses on the application of modern econometric techniques to a model of the demand for private housing in Ireland. The paper will firstly outline the theoretical econometric framework in order to explain the concept of cointegration within an economic model framework. The Johansen method for analyzing economic models is demonstrated and it is shown how the method can be applied to ...

Real-time state estimation is defined as the process of calculating the state variable of interest in real time not being directly measured. In a water distribution system (WDS), nodal demands are often considered as the state variable (i.e., unknown variable) and can be estimated using nodal pressures and pipe flow rates measured at sensors installed throughout the system. Nodes are often grou...

Using the consumer theory approach as suggested by Habibullah (2009), this study aims to shed new light on monetary authority by incorporating advertising expenditure, a variable that has been neglected in the past, into study of the money demand function in Indonesia. In addition, different measurements of monetary aggregates (simple-sum and Divisia money) have been used in the estimation to p...

Mobile ad hoc networks are facing new challenges including routing, quality of service and reliability. Quality of service can be achieved through the use of bit rate transmission. A modified variable bit rate on demand routing protocol for mobile adhoc network is presented in this paper. We designed, implemented and studied the performance of a Variable Bit-rate On demand Routing (VBOR) protoc...

Based on the “Aggregate Demand” theory, monetary policies are designed with the aim of achieving desirable level of macroeconomic goals through affecting the stock of money supplyand income velocity of money. Thus, the velocity (V)-as well as money supply - has significant impact, particularly on rate of inflation through expansionary or contractionary monetary policy. To focus on the velocity ...