Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) approach offers a controllable strategy for preparing large-area and high-quality few-layer (mainly bilayer or trilayer) twisted untwisted two-dimensional (2D) materials, is predicted to boost the development of 2D materials from laboratory research industrial applications.

A near-infrared airborne-laser transmission model for thin cirrus clouds has been developed on the basis of the successive-order-of-scattering approach to account for multiple scattering by randomly and horizontally oriented ice crystals associated with an aircraft-target system. Direct transmission and transmission due to multiple scattering are formulated specifically for this geometric syste...

Moist patches are areas in the subcloud layer characterized by a positive water vapor anomaly compared to the environment and are considered important in triggering new convective cells. A correct understanding of the origin of the water vapor in these patches is, thus, essential to improving existing convective parameterizations. Recent studies have addressed this problem and have shown that c...