It is easily seen that Van Douwen MAD families exist under CH, and more generally under MA. The question of whether they always exist was raised by E. van Douwen and A. Miller. It occurs as problem 4.2 in A. Miller’s problem list [7]. Zhang [8] discusses this problem and proves that Van Douwen MAD families of various sizes exist in certain forcing extensions. In this section we will prove in ZF...

Aim: To review the causes, symptoms, treatment, prevalence and diagnosis of VanDerWoude Syndrome. Objective : This review aims at analysing the genetic defects and facts about this rare disease in human population. Background : VanDerWoude syndrome is an autosomal dominant syndrome characterized by a cleft lip or cleft palate, distinctive pits of the lower lips, or both. It is the most common s...

background in recent decades, bacterial antibiotic resistance (especially in enterococci) has become a significant problem for human and veterinary medicine. one of the most important antibiotic resistances in enterococci, vancomycin resistance, is encoded by van gene family. objectives the aim of this study was to investigate antibiotic resistance to vancomycin in enterococci and the genes res...

brown-vialetto-van laere syndrome (bvvls) is a rare neurological disorder. we report our finding about four patients clinically and electrophysiologically diagnosed as bvvls and denoted their clinical features with comparison to previous reports. the first symptom was bilateral hearing loss and the onset of other cranial nerves involvement varied between 0-15 years. our patients represented som...

Colimits that satisfy the Van Kampen condition have interesting exactness properties. We show that the elementary presentation of the Van Kampen condition is actually a characterisation of a universal property in the associated bicategory of spans. The main theorem states that Van Kampen cocones are precisely those diagrams in a category that induce bicolimit diagrams in its associated bicatego...

Ellis-van Creveld syndrome also known as chondroectodermal dysplasia or mesoectodermal dysplasia; a rare genetic disorder of the skeletal dysplasia. 'Six-fingered dwarfism' (digital integer deficiency) was an alternative designation used for this condition when it was being studied in the Amish. It is characterized by short-limb dwarfism, polydactyly, malformation of the bones of the wrist, dys...