We present the result of a systematic investigation of the quantum efficiency of reflective CsI photocathodes to the spectral range 140-220 nm . Powder and crystal forms of CsI were used for evaporation of bulk and porous photocathodes . The measurements were made without gaseous amplification m vacuum and in methane. The results of radiation resistance measurements at doses reaching 4500 Gy ar...

1. Introductory Remarks 2. Evaporation Processes 3. Multi-stage Flash Desalination Process 4. Seawater Supply System 5. Seawater Recirculation System 6. Feed Water System 7. Brine Blowdown System 8. Vacuum Raising and Maintaining System 9. Brine Recirculation System 10. Anti-scale Dosing System 11. Condensate Flow from Brine Heater System 12. Distillate System 13. Plant Loading Glossary Bibliog...

Modifications to an automated thermal evaporator were made: A device for angular evaporation was fabricated and a protocol for in vacuum oxidation was developed. The new features allow for versatile fabrication of metaltunnel junction-metal thin film samples. A discussion of the usefulness of tunnel junctions is provided.

Amorphous selenium films were produced by vacuum evaporation onto glass and aluminum substrates. The chemical composition of the films and interfaces were studied using scanning Auger electron spectroscopy. To gain some insight into the optical properties of the selenium films, we used the classical oscillator model to fit the transmittance spectrum.

Large-area self-assembled structures of a nucleobase adenine derivative were successfully realized through vacuum deposition. STM images reveal two types of structures, which could be regulated by substrate temperature and the evaporation rate, indicating the relevance of kinetic effects. The results are supported by computer simulations.

The main topic of this talk is the Hawking effect when the black holes in question are undergoing a uniform acceleration. The semiclassical effect of the acceleration is most striking when the Hawking temperature equals the acceleration temperature. Within the usual late-time approximation, the natural black hole vacuum is then equivalent to the asymptotically empty Minkowskian vacuum, and the ...

Cosmological constant corresponds to the maximally symmetric cosmological term with the equation of state p = −ρ. Introducing a cosmological term with the reduced symmetry, pr = −ρ in the spherically symmetric case, makes cosmological constant intrinsically variable component of a variable cosmological term which describes time-dependent and spatially inhomogeneous vacuum dark energy. Relaxatio...

Vacuum evaporated crystalline films of Zinc Selenide (ZnSe) have been characterized by using optical spectroscopy (especially transmission and absorption spectra). Thin films of ZnSe have been deposited by vacuum evaporation technique on highly clean glass substrates and their optical properties such as refractive index (n), extinction coefficient (k), and energy band gap have been studied. The...