BACKGROUND Vitamin D deficiency has been implicated as a potential risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The high rate of vitamin D deficiency (<30 ng/ml) exhibited by African Americans may account for some of the excess prevalence of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in this vulnerable US population. Vitamin D supplementation may reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease by ameliorating...

Association of O-antigen serotype with the magnitude of initial systemic cytokine 1 responses and persistence in the urinary tract 2 3 Running title: LPS Serotype, cytokine modulation and persistence 4 5 Dennis J. Horvath Jr., Ashay S. Patel, Ahmad Mohamed, Douglas W. Storm, 6 Chandra Singh, Birong Li, Jingwen Zhang, Stephen A. Koff, Venkata R. 7 Jayanthi, Kevin M. Mason, Sheryl S. Justice 8 9 ...

BACKGROUND Macrophage infiltration and cytokine production are important in the pathogenesis of crescentic glomerulonephritis in anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis. The aim of this study was to investigate whether urinary levels of chemokines, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and fractalkine, were useful tools for non-invasive assessment of renal vasculiti...

1. Mungan NA, Witjes JA. Bacille Calmette-Guérin in superficial transitional cell carcinoma. Br J Urol. 1998;82:213-223. 2. Schamhart DHJ, de Boer EC, de Reijke TM, Kurth KH. Urinary cytokines reflecting the immunological response in the urinary bladder to biological response modifiers: their practical use. Eur Urol. 2000;37(suppl 3):16-23. 3. Romani L, Puccetti P, Bistoni F. Interleukin-12 in ...

1. Mungan NA, Witjes JA. Bacille Calmette-Guérin in superficial transitional cell carcinoma. Br J Urol. 1998;82:213-223. 2. Schamhart DHJ, de Boer EC, de Reijke TM, Kurth KH. Urinary cytokines reflecting the immunological response in the urinary bladder to biological response modifiers: their practical use. Eur Urol. 2000;37(suppl 3):16-23. 3. Romani L, Puccetti P, Bistoni F. Interleukin-12 in ...

The proinflammatory cytokines tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) interleukin (IL)-1 beta, IL-6, and IL-8 were measured in plasma and urine samples from 19 children with verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) induced haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) and 30 controls. TNF-alpha was detected in the plasma of two cases and one control; IL-6 in the plasma of one, and the urine of two ...

Strains of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) are the causative agents in the vast majority of all urinary tract infections. Upon entering the urinary tract, UPEC strains face a formidable array of host defenses, including the flow of urine and a panoply of antimicrobial factors. To gain an initial foothold within the bladder, most UPEC strains encode filamentous surface adhesive organelles ...

BACKGROUND A potent eosinophil chemotactic cytokine, human eotaxin, is directly chemotactic for eosinophils. Therefore, the specific expression of eotaxin in tissue might play a crucial role in tissue eosinophilia. However, the precise molecular mechanism of the recruitment and activation of eosinophils in human renal diseases remains to be investigated. We evaluated the role of eotaxin in the ...

Sucralose and saccharin-cyclamate mixture are considered as safe commercial artificial sweeteners with many health authorities instead of natural sugar. We aimed to reveal their effects on the physiological, immunological histological profiles. Mice were given sucralose (0.3 mg/ml) or (20 in drinking water for 8 16 weeks. Only caused a temporary significant increase blood glucose after weeks th...

The TGF-β1 cytokine concentration is known to be higher in nephritis with implied Lupus Nephritis severity. The production of TGF-β1 cytokine is associated with G915C polymorphism. Therefore, it is of interest to study G915C polymorphism. The G915C polymorphism changes codon 25 which encodes arginine into proline in the signal peptide of TGF-β1. The amino acid substitution affects signal peptid...