We characterized the passive structural and active neuromuscular control of pharyngeal collapsibility in mice and hypothesized that pharyngeal collapsibility, which is elevated by anatomic loads, is reduced by active neuromuscular responses to airflow obstruction. To address this hypothesis, we examined the dynamic control of upper airway function in the isolated upper airway of anesthetized C5...

The prevalence of sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) is approximately 7.5% in Japanese adults aged 18-68 years old. SAS is characterized by repeated episodes of apnea, especially obstructive apnea, during sleep. Severe SAS has life-threatening complications such as pulmonary hypertension, arrhythmias, right heart failure or brain damage, which could be caused by hypoxemia and/or hypercapnia. Upper airw...

We studied six patients with type A botulism to determine the degree of initial respiratory compromise and to quantitate the time course and extent of recovery of the ventilatory and upper airway muscles and exercise performance. The VM weakness was identified in all patients early after botulism. Upper airway muscle weakness was also common, requiring intubation for airway protection in one pa...

Reflexes originated from the supralaryngeal airways, larynx and lungs can affect upper airway calibre r 11. Specific receptors at the lnryngeal level have been thought to be involved 12J. N~tsal obstruction in normal men m<\y cause apnoeas allll in addition. more arousals and full awakenings from sleep [3]. The underlying mechanism remains unclear. It was demonstrated that nasal occlusion incre...

OBJECTIVE Small upper airway measurements areas and high body mass index are recognized risk factors for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in non-elderly populations; however, there is limited information regarding elderly patients. We evaluated whether upper airway volume is associated with OSAS and OSAS treated with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment and whether BMI is...

Introduction Inflammatory airway disease (IAD) affects 25% to 30% of horses in training. These animals also frequently have upper airway inflammation that may predispose them to dorsal displacement of the soft palate (DDSP). The etiology of this airway inflammation remains obscure, but exposure to organic dusts may play a major role. Organic dusts originate from hay and bedding, and stabled hor...