At a procedural level, in vivo whole-cell patch-clamp recording is very similar to the in vitro technique (see UNITS 6.6, 6.7, & 6.10), though there are important differences. Unlike the typical in vitro recording situation for mammalian preparations, one cannot utilize Differential Interference Contrast (DIC) optics to visualize neurons or the recording electrode in vivo, nor can the experimen...

Primer on physiological techniques Different recording techniques:-Intracellular recording-Extracellular recording-Imaging Intracellular recording Record inside the cell using glass (why not metal?) electrodes. $$ This technique allows the experimenter to record subthreshold responses, and to understand mechanisms behind a cell's response properties. Whole-cell recording is a modern form of int...

The electroencephalogram (EEG) is the most common tool used in sleep research. This unit describes the methods for recording and analyzing the EEG. Detailed protocols describe recorder calibration, electrode application, EEG recording, and computer EEG analysis with power spectral analysis. Computer digitization of an analog EEG signal is discussed, along with EEG filtering and the parameters o...

Extracellular multi-unit recording is a widely used technique to study spontaneous and evoked neuronal activity in awake behaving animals. These recordings are done using either single-wire or multiwire electrodes such as tetrodes. In this study we have tested the ability of single-wire electrodes to discriminate activity from multiple neurons under conditions of varying noise and neuronal cell...

Objectives: To study the correlation between anatomical parameters and EMG signals by means of simulations. Methods: A mathematical model of the electrical activity from muscle ®bres and motor units has been developed. The electrical ®elds around the muscle ®bres are simulated using a line source model. The model permits the simulation of single muscle ®bre action potentials obtained by SFEMG, ...

Neuronal mechanisms of episodic memory, the conscious recollection of autobiographical events, are largely unknown because electrophysiological studies in humans are conducted only in exceptional circumstances. Unit recording studies in animals are thus crucial for understanding the neurophysiological substrate that enables people to remember their individual past. Two features of episodic memo...

Investigations into mechanisms in various cortical areas can be greatly improved and supported by stable recording of single neuronal activity. In this study, fine silicon wire electrodes (diameter 3 μm, length 160 μm) are fabricated by vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) growth with the aim of stabilizing recording and reducing the invasiveness on the measurement procedure. The electrode is fabricated on...