Data communication between nodes is carried out under Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol which is defined at data link layer. The MAC protocols are responsible to communicate and coordinate between nodes according to the defined standards in WSN (Wireless Sensor Networks). The design of a MAC protocol should also address the issues of energy efficiency and transmission efficiency. There are n...

This chapter discusses the development of a short range acoustic communication channel model and its properties for the design and evaluation of MAC (Medium Access Control) and routing protocols, to support network enabled Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUV). The growth of underwater operations has required data communication between various heterogeneous underwater and surface based communica...

Two important criteria of wireless body area networks (WBANs) are low power consumption and delay. These can be met by designing efficient medium access control (MAC) protocols. In this paper, two TDMA-based MAC protocols proposed. The first protocol, TM–MAC makes use only a main radio. second proposed TWM–MAC WUR alongside the compared with different categories standard it is shown that they o...

In this paper, we propose a new metric to measure the spatial reuse efficiency in networks: the spatial reuse index. We observed that the spatial reuse index in Underwater Sensor Networks (UWSNs) is significantly lower than in RF networks due to the relatively low spreading loss of acoustic signals. As a result, UWSNs generally have much lower network throughput. To address this problem, we pro...

Underwater sensor networks (UWSN) resemble terrestrial sensor networks in many aspects. However, the high propagation delay and limited bandwidth make terrestrial sensor network’s protocols unsuitable for UWSN. For instance, routing protocols proposed for terrestrial networks are not applicable in an underwater network. Therefore, enormous efforts have been made for designing efficient protocol...

This survey paper presents the state-of-the-art directional medium access control (MAC) protocols in wireless ad hoc and sensor networks (WAHSNs). The key benefits of directional antennas over omni-directional antennas are longer communication range, less multipath interference, more spatial reuse, more secure communications, higher throughput and reduced latency. However, directional antennas ...

Energy conservation has been an important area of interest in Wireless Sensor networks (WSNs). Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols play an important role in energy conservation. In this paper, we describe CSMA based MAC protocols for WSN and analyze the simulation results of these protocols. We implemented S-MAC, T-MAC, B-MAC, B-MAC+, X-MAC, DMAC and Wise-MAC in TOSSIM, a simulator which unli...