It is necessary to objectively quantify how well roadways accommodate pedestrian travel. Estimation of pedestrian level of service (LOS) is the most common approach to assess quality of operations of pedestrian facilities. Intersections, by their very nature, are locations where there is considerable potential for conflict between different traffic streams and different users. At busy intersect...

A system of signalized intersections is a critical element in the smooth operation of both arterial and urban street facilities. The amount of vehicular and pedestrian traffic which can be processed by a system of intersections depend on a) characteristics of the traffic and pedestrian stream, b) traffic control measures, c) various physical and operating characteristics of the roadway and d) t...

BACKGROUND Human behaviour is an obvious, yet under-studied factor in pedestrian injury. Behavioural interventions that address rule violations by pedestrians and motorists could potentially reduce the frequency of pedestrian injury. In this study, a method was developed to examine road-rule non-compliance by pedestrians and motorists. The purpose of the study was to examine the potential assoc...

For centuries, only philosophers debated the relationship between aesthetics and morality. Recently, with advances in neuroscience, the debate has moved to include the brain and an evolved neural underpinning linking aesthetic reactions and moral judgment. Biological survival emphasizes mate selection strategies, and the ritual displays have been linked to human aesthetics in the arts, in faces...

— We characterize space complexity classes in terms of bounded erasing homomorphisms applied to threefoid intersections of one-counter languages, and also we characterize the classes which are given by bounded erasing homomorphisms applied to mixed intersections of one-counter languages and context-free languages or one-counter languages and checking stack languages. A generalization to erasing...

Traditional formulations of geometric problems from the Schubert calculus, either in Plücker coordinates or in local coordinates provided by Schubert cells, yield systems of polynomials that are typically far from complete intersections and (in local coordinates) typically of degree exceeding two. We present an alternative primal-dual formulation using parametrizations of Schubert cells in the ...

A simple en,ex rule to mark the intersection points of 2D input polygon contours separating the polygon interior from its exterior in the vicinity of the intersections is presented. Its form is close to the original Greiner & Hormann algorithm rule but encompasses degenerate intersections that are not self-intersections. It only uses local geometric information once the orientation of the two i...