comprehensive set of countries with populations of 1 million or more in 1994. In total, our data include 5.507 billion people, of an estimated global population in 1994 of 5.601 billion, or 98.3 percent of the total world population. The main countries missing from the sample, because of unavailability of data, are: Afghanistan, Albania, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Cambodia, Cuba, Iraq, Lebanon, and ...

The subject of ‘orphan works’ and ‘abandonware’ is gaining legal attention lately. It concerns the status of copyrighted works which are still within the term of protection but are no longer commercially available to the public. This paper examines the question of orphan works and abandonware from a law and economics perspective. Orphan works and abandonware are classified into five types depen...

The use of crash data based methodologies for safety evaluation has been usually problematic due to the many shortcomings such as, unavailability and low quality of historical crash data. Other than crash data based analysis, development of micro-simulation models in conjunction with surrogate safety measures is shown to have potential to complement traditional safety analysis. However several ...

Although dual-task interference is ubiquitous in a variety of task domains, stop-signal studies suggest that response inhibition is not subject to such interference. Nevertheless, no study has directly examined stop-signal performance in a dual-task setting. In two experiments, stop-signal performance was examined in a psychological refractory period task, in which subjects inhibited one respon...

The standard bottleneck model of the psychological refractory period (PRP) assumes that the selection of the second response is postponed until the first response has been selected. Accordingly, dual-task interference is attributed to a single central-processing bottleneck involving decision and response selection, but not the execution of the response itself. In order to critically examine the...

We generalize the classical Cayley-Dickson doubling process starting with a quaternion algebra over a field F by allowing the scalar in the doubling to be an invertible element in the algebra. We investigate the resulting eight-dimensional algebras over F and show that they are division algebras for all scalars chosen in D outside of the base field F , if D is a division algebra.

The hypothesis that episodic memory retrieval can occur in parallel with other cognitive processes was tested in 2 experiments. Participants memorized words and then performed speeded cued recall (Experiment 1) or speeded yes-no recognition (Experiment 2) in a dual-task situation. The psychological refractory period design was used: The participant was presented with a single test item at vario...

In Advanced Heavy Water Reactor, a set of 168 Self-Powered Neutron Detectors (SPNDs) distributed uniformly at 6 axial locations in 28 vertical In-core Detector Housing (ICDH) units each, has been proposed to be used for monitoring and control neutron flux distribution the reactor core. These SPNDs arrived by applying K-means clustering approach on simulated in-core detector measurements, proved...

SUMMARY The substantial strain that women are facing during the COVID-19 pandemic can affect their menstrual cycle and further impair quality of life. In low- middle-income countries, this is exacerbated by: cultural taboos poor education related to menstruation; ‘period poverty’; unavailability hygiene products; facilities. We suggest actions governments, healthcare professionals individuals t...