It was largely because of our interest in the turnip yellow mosaic virus (Markham & Smith, K. M., 1949) that we began our study of nucleic acids. This virus contains about 37 % by weight of ribonucleic acid, which is an unusually high proportion. All the infected plants which we have examined contain, as well as the virus, another characteristic and related protein in an amount equivalent to 25...

A protoplast infection assay has been used to reliably examine the viral RNA encapsidation of turnip crinkle virus (TCV). Analysis of the encapsidation of various mutant viral RNAs revealed that a 186-nucleotide (nt) region at the 3' end of the coat protein (CP) gene, with a bulged hairpin loop of 28 nt as its most essential element, was indispensable for TCV RNA encapsidation. When RNA fragmen...

Potyviruses have variable single-stranded RNA genomes and many show clear evidence of recombination. This report studied the distribution of recombination sites in the genomes of 92 isolates of the potyvirus Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV); 42 came from the international gene sequence databases and an additional 50 complete genomic sequences were generated from field samples collected in Europe and ...

Recombination between RNAs associated with turnip crinkle virus is thought to occur during plus-strand synthesis at motifs resembling the 5'-ends of genomic, subgenomic and satellite RNAs. Common structural regions encompassing the motifs have been found for major crossover sites on two different minus-strand templates, with junctions preferentially located in a single-stranded region at the 3'...

cabbage leaf miner scaptomyza flava (fallen) (l)iptera: drosophilidae) is a native and oligophagous leaf miner insect on cruciferous plants (brassicaceae). it occurs in many parts of the world and throughout khuzestan. the relationship between feeding and ovipositional preferences of insect, and host plant suitability on seven host plant species (cauliflower brassica oleracea var. botryds, ...

The largest open reading frame of the turnip yellow mosaic virus RNA genome encodes a 206-kDa protein that is cleaved to yield N-terminal 150-kDa (p150) and C-terminal 70-kDa (p70) proteins. Using a genomic cDNA clone capable of generating infectious transcripts in vitro, we have introduced substitution, frameshift, and in-frame deletion mutations into the regions encoding both proteins. None o...

The interactions between vernalization and photoperiodic effects on the flowering of 12 turnip varieties were examined under controlled environment. Seedlings of all varieties bolted and flowered under a long-day condition of 24 h day-length (LD) when the germinated seeds had been pre-exposed to low temperature at 3 •Ž (LT) for 30 days. Under the LD condition, the ratio of flower formation of a...

Abstract Among the existing variety of vegetables, table root crops are very popular both in Russian Federation and abroad: carrots, beets, radishes, turnips parsnips. These sources natural vitamins; due to low prices for marketable products seeds, they have been cultivated Russia. all radish ranks first by content potassium, magnesium calcium salts; it also contains iron phosphorus. When growi...

Biochar, a product of incineration biomass is proposed for use as soil amendment (SA) to enhance water holding capacity, increase microbial community, and plant nutrients availability. We studied the effect six SA (sewage sludge SS, horse manure HM, chicken CM, vermicompost Vermi, commercial inorganic fertilizer (19N-19P-19K), organic (Nature Safe 10N-2P-8K), biochar added on root, shoot, weigh...