This paper introduces an email sending technique, called trustworthy self regulation (TSR), which enables the receiver of an email message to recognize the sending protocol that generated it. The availability of this sending technique is expected to help induce email users to send messages via spam-immune protocols preferred by their destination users—thus producing less spam. The TSR email sen...

In this paper, a novel method of representing symbolic images in a symbolic image database (SID) invariant to image transformations, useful for exact match retrieval is presented. The proposed model is based on Triangular Spatial Relationship (TSR) [Guru, D.S., Nagabhushan, P., 2001. Triangular spatial relationship: A new approach for spatial knowledge representation, Pattern Recognition Lett. ...

The thrombospondin type 1 repeat (TSR) is a functional module of proteins called TSR superfamily proteins (e.g., thrombospondin, F-spondin, mindin, etc.) and includes a conserved Trp-x-x-Trp (W-x-x-W) motif, in which the first Trp residue is preferably modified by C-mannosylation. We previously reported that synthesized C-mannosylated TSR-derived peptides (e.g., C-Man-WSPW) specifically enhance...

This paper proposes a two-strategy reinforcement evolutionary algorithm using data-mining crossover strategy (TSR-EADCS) with a TSK-type fuzzy controller (TFC) for solving various control problems. The purpose of the R-EADCS is not only to improve the design of traditional reinforcement signal but also to determine the suitable rules in a TFC and the suitable groups that are selected to perform...

Tumor-stroma ratio (TSR) has been identified as a new and practicable prognostic factor in some solid tumors. The aim of the study is to evaluate the prognostic value of TSR in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A total of 404 patients who underwent surgery resection for NSCLC were included in this study. TSR was assessed visually on the hematoxylin-stained tissue sections of surgical specimen...

With aging, structural and functional changes occur in the myocardium without obvious impairment of systolic LV function. Transmural differences in myocardial vulnerability for these changes may result in increase of transmural inhomogeneity in contractile myofiber function. Subendocardial fibrosis and impairment of subendocardial perfusion due to hypertension might change the transmural distri...

Bacterial chemoreceptors of the methyl-accepting chemotaxis protein (MCP) family operate in commingled clusters that enable cells to detect and track environmental chemical gradients with high sensitivity and precision. MCP homodimers of different detection specificities form mixed trimers of dimers that facilitate inter-receptor communication in core signaling complexes, which in turn assemble...

The angiogenic switch is a promising therapeutic target in cancer. Work by our laboratory and others has described an important endogenous anti-angiogenic pathway mediated by interactions of CD36, a receptor on microvascular endothelial cells, with proteins containing thrombospondin (TSP) type I repeat domains (TSR). Recent studies revealed that circulating Histidine Rich Glycoprotein (HRG) inh...

Chemoreceptors such as Tsr, the serine receptor, function in trimer-of-dimer associations to mediate chemotactic behavior in Escherichia coli. The two subunits of each receptor homodimer occupy different positions in the trimer, one at its central axis and the other at the trimer periphery. Residue N381 of Tsr contributes to trimer stability through interactions with its counterparts in a centr...

HAMP domains play key signaling roles in many bacterial receptor proteins. The four-helix HAMP bundle of the homodimeric Escherichia coli serine chemoreceptor (Tsr) interacts with an adjoining four-helix sensory adaptation bundle to regulate the histidine autokinase CheA bound to the cytoplasmic tip of the Tsr molecule. The adaptation helices undergo reversible covalent modifications that tune ...