tropical southern Pacific Authors: Jennifer C. Wei, V. R. Kotamarthi, D. J. Wuebbles Abstract. Significant seasonal variations in the concentrations of ozone, NOx, nonmethane hydrocarbons and other trace gases were observed in the southern tropical Pacific during the PEM-TROPICS-A (PT-A, Sep/Oct 1996) and PEM-TROPICS-B (PT-B, Mar/Apr 1999). Making these data sets more useful would require devel...

[1] Column-integrated moist static energy (MSE) budgets were calculated using daily data from three reanalyses (1998–2001) and ISCCP radiative cooling. The MSE export by the circulation was separated into vertical and horizontal MSE advection components in order to examine how observationally-derived vertical motion profiles affect gross moist stability calculations. In a 2000 km-wide region in...

The intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) is the rising branch of the global Hadley circulation and often considered as the climatic axis of symmetry. A full-physics atmospheric general circulation model is coupled with an intermediate ocean model to investigate the effect of ITCZ’s meridional configuration on the space-time structure of climate variability. In the control experiment where the ...

Empirical orthogonal functions (EOF) and composites analysis were employed on pentad data in order to investigate the tropical atmospheric-ocean patterns over the Atlantic Ocean and the spatial-temporal characteristics of the rainfall in eastern Amazon during the peak of the rainy season (February to April). The EOF results evidenced that the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) is the main ra...

Interdecadal modes of tropical Pacific ocean-atmosphere circulation have a strong influence on global temperature, yet the extent to which these phenomena influence global climate on multicentury timescales is still poorly known. Here we present a 2,000-year, multiproxy reconstruction of western Pacific hydroclimate from two speleothem records for southeastern Indonesia. The composite record sh...

The Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) in the tropical eastern Indian Ocean exhibits strong interannual variability, often co-occurring with positive Indian Ocean Dipole (pIOD) events. During what we identify as an extreme ITCZ event, a drastic northward shift of atmospheric convection coincides with an anomalously strong north-minus-south sea surface temperature (SST) gradient over the east...

Abstract Global tropical cyclone (TC) frequency is investigated in a 50‐km‐resolution aquaplanet model forced by zonally symmetric sea surface temperature (SST). TC per unit area found to be proportional the Coriolis parameter at intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ), as defined latitude of maximum precipitation. As SST shifted northward from equator, precipitation moves and increases. When pas...

[1] Here we present near-annually resolved oxygen isotope records from two species of planktic foraminifera from the Cariaco Basin that reflect sea surface temperature (SST) and Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) precipitation-related salinity variations over the Caribbean and tropical North Atlantic spanning the last 2000 years. A strong, broad spatial pattern of correlation exists between ...

Abstract In a globally changing climate, there is growing concern for understanding and predicting compound climate extremes. However, the relationship of extremes with each other has been mostly analyzed in isolation and/or on regional scales. Little attention paid to their simultaneous occurrence impacts worldwide. Here we demonstrate that Northern Hemisphere during boreal summer are intercon...

Paleorainfall variability on orbital and millennial time scales is discussed for the last glacial period and the Holocene, based on a multi-proxy study of speleothem records from Brazil. Oxygen isotope (δ18O) records from Botuverá and Santana caves, precisely dated by U-series methods, indicate stronger summer monsoon circulation in subtropical Brazil during periods of high summer insolation in...