Clupeomorphs are found in many assemblages of the northeastern Brazil, whose ages range from the Neocomian to Paleogene. Ten species were described. Among them †Scutatuspinosus itapagipensis, a torpedo-like fish found in shales of the Marfim Formation from Bahia, remains poorly known. At first it was positioned within †Scutatuspinosinae and indicated as closely related to †Diplomystus. Diagnose...

This study developed sensory polymeric materials for the colorimetric sensing of TNT in aqueous media. Solid films and coated fabrics permitted the detection of TNT, through colour change, and its quantification, by taking a picture of the materials and processing their RGB parameters to define the evolved colour.

(Summary) The Flixborough Works of Nypro (UK) Ltd. were demolished at about 4:53 p.m. on Saturday June 1st. 1974, by an explosion of warlike dimensions which was the equivalent of 15 tonnes of TNT. Of those w orking on the si te at t he t ime, 28 w ere ki lled and 36 ot hers suf fered injuries. Outs ide t he works in juries and damage were widespread. 53 people were recorded as casualties, whil...

The paper defines and describes blast waves, their interaction with a structure and its subsequent response. Explosions generate blast waves, which need not be due to explosives. A blast wave consists of two parts: a shock wave and a blast wind. The paper explains how shock waves are formed and their basic properties. The physics of blast waves is non-linear and therefore non-intuitive. To unde...

1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene and 1-methoxy-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene undergoes reversible dimerization, after electrochemical reduction of two units of corresponding anion radical. The pi-dimer formed captures molecular oxygen (O(2)) leading to a sigma(o-o)(H)-adduct, in an atmosphere of oxygen or even air. The sigma(o-o)(H)-adduct is able to reversibly bind and remove dioxygen afte...

The production and storage of explosives has resulted in the environmental accumulation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT). The biotransformation products of the nitroaromatic compound TNT and metabolites in mammalian cells in culture and their cytotoxicity are studied. We report after our analysis by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) that the most prevalent biotransformat...

We measured the 229 nm absolute ultraviolet (UV) Raman cross-sections of the explosives trinitrotoluene (TNT), pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN), cyclotrimethylene-trinitramine (RDX), the chemically related nitroamine explosive HMX, and ammonium nitrate in solution. The 229 nm Raman cross-sections are 1000-fold greater than those excited in the near-infrared and visible spectral regions. Deep...