The reactivity of flavoenzymes with dioxygen is at the heart of a number of biochemical reactions with far reaching implications for cell physiology and pathology. Flavin-containing monooxygenases are an attractive model system to study flavin-mediated oxygenation. In these enzymes, the NADP(H) cofactor is essential for stabilizing the flavin intermediate, which activates dioxygen and makes it ...

The objectives of this study were to determine (a) the influence of fiber on the sensory characteristics of dry dog foods; (b) differences of coated and uncoated kibbles for aroma and flavor characteristics; (c) palatability of these dry dog foods; and (d) potential associations between palatability and sensory attributes. A total of eight fiber treatments were manufactured: a control (no fiber...

OBJECTIVES To study the biochemical, familial, and clinical features of the fish odour syndrome among subjects with suspected body malodour. DESIGN Subjects who responded to a newspaper article were screened for the fish odour syndrome by interview and biochemical tests. Families of subjects with the syndrome were tested if possible. SETTING St Mary's Hospital, London, and some interviews a...

EDITOR,-In their study of subjects suffering from trimethylaminuria R Ayesh and colleagues observed that six of the 11 patients were unaware of their malodour.1 I report a small controlled study of the ability of normal, healthy subjects to detect the odour of trimethylamine. A mother complained that her 6 year old daughter had an unpleasant smell, which was present most of the time but was wor...

ABBREVIATIONS AA amino acid ANOVA one-way analysis of variance Asn 120 asparagine 120 BG blood glucose concentration BOR benzamidoxime reductase BZY benzydamine BZY N-oxide benzydamine N-oxide cDNA complementary DNA CYP cytochrome P450 cyt.b 5 cytochrome b 5 D50 50 mg/kg streptozotocin induced diabetic rats D70 70 mg/kg streptozotocin induced diabetic rats DAG diacyl-glycerol DIM 3,3'diindolylm...

Total parenteral nutrition provides nutrition by infusion into the systemic circulation. Bypassing the intestine and processes associated with absorption can cause additional pathophysiological changes to occur. For example, in rats, normal gut and pancreatic cell function may change, absorptive capacity may be altered, and enzyme functional activity including drug metabolism may be affected. T...

This article reports on the usefulness of bilateral comparison of chemosensory information to an animal or agent tracking an odor to its source. Instantaneous concentration fields of a chemical plume diffusing in a fully developed, turbulent, open channel flow are measured using planar laser-induced fluorescence. The plume is released isokinetically 25 mm above the smooth bed (z 90), thus trans...

The first committed step in the biosynthesis of various bacterial and fur,gal siderophores (low-molecular-weight iron chelators that are produc~ in response '~o iron deficiency) of the hydroxamate type, such as aerobactin, alcaligin an6, ferrichrome, involves N-hydroxylatie a of a primary amino group. This reaction is catalyzed at the expense of NADPH by a family o[ FAD-dependent enzym ~s. Some...

It is notoriously difficult to name odours. Without the benefit of non-olfactory information, even common household smells elude our ability to name them. The neuroscientific basis for this olfactory language 'deficit' is poorly understood, and even basic models to explain how odour inputs gain access to transmodal representations required for naming have not been put forward. This study used p...

It is now generally acknowledged that particulate air pollution can cause respiratory symptoms and that indoor dust particles may be associated with mucous membrane irritation and odour annoyance. One reason for this may be that dust particles adsorb large quantities of gases and other volatile compounds. It is therefore important to be able to determine the chemical compounds adsorbed onto ind...