This review focuses on transthoracic Doppler echocardiography as noninvasive method used to assess coronary flow reserve (CFR) in a wide spectrum of clinical settings. Transthoracic Doppler echocardiography is rapidly gaining appreciation as popular tool to measure CFR both in stenosed and normal epicardial coronary arteries (predominantly in left anterior descending coronary artery). Post-sten...

https://e-kcj.org A 42-year-old woman presented with a 2-year history of shortness of breath. She was evaluated via transthoracic echocardiography at another institution and diagnosed with ostium primum atrial septal defect and advised to undergo surgery. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed a mildly enlarged right ventricle and mild tricuspid regurgitation with an estimated systolic pulmona...

Hiatal hernia and Morgagni hernia are sorts of diaphragmatic hernias that are rarely detected on transthoracic echocardiography. Although echocardiographic findings have an important role for differential diagnosis of cardiac masses, we often might overlook diaphragmatic hernia. We report three cases of diaphragmatic hernias having specific features. The first case is huge hiatal hernia that en...

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Methods Consecutive patients scheduled for MitraClip were prospectively studied. Patients with pacemaker or ICD were excluded. Transthoracic echocardiography and CMR at 1.5 Tesla were performed before and 6 months after MitraClip procedure. Left ventricular volumes were measured using transthoracic echocardiography (biplane Simpson’s method) and short-axis SSFP CMR images covering the left vent...

Quadricuspid pulmonary valve is a rare congenital heart disease. It is infrequently associated with significant clinical complications and tends to be clinically silent. Because of its benign nature, it has been diagnosed mainly post mortem. Its diagnosis by transthoracic echocardiography is very difficult because of the anatomical features. We describe a case of quadricuspid pulmonary valve di...

Heart failure in early infancy is commonly caused by lesions leading to pulmonary over circulation secondary to left-to-right shunt. This case report describes an unusual cause of significant left-to-right shunt in a 2 months old infant presenting with congestive heart failure, which was diagnosed with transthoracic echocardiography. In this infant, transthoracic echocardiography with Doppler c...

We present images of a rare case where a primary lung tumour was visualised by transthoracic echocardiography. The patient was a 78-year-old male where Chest X-ray had revealed a tumour-suspected structure in the left lung. Both transthoracic echocardiography and combined PET/CT images showed a large tumour located close to the heart. Fine-needle biopsy showed non-small cell lung cancer.

Purpose: Paravalvular regurgitation post-transcatheter valve replacement is associated with poor outcomes. The Valve Academic Research Consortium has defined qualitative and quantitative criteria for assessing paravalvular leak severity by transthoracic echocardiography. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging is highly accurate and reproducible in measuring aortic flow volumes, and has been used fo...

Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is a component of the visceral adiposity located between the heart and pericardium. It is associated with certain diseases, such as metabolic syndrome, coronary artery disease, and hypertension. Therefore, measurement of EAT thickness has recently gained importance. Examination by transthoracic echocardiography for measuring EAT thickness is preferable because of...