The origin of the constituents of the mammalian fetus has been the subject of controversy, the literature of which has been exhaust,ively reviewed by Needham (1, 2) and Huggett (3). Two processes come into consideration: transplacental absorption from the maternal circulation and synthesis in t,he tissues of the fetus proper. In regard to the transplacental passage of fat,ty acids, the most imp...

Transplacental transfer of antibodies is essential for conferring protection in newborns against infectious diseases. We assessed the impact different factors, including gestational age and maternal infections such as HIV malaria, on efficiency cord blood levels placental IgG subclasses. measured total subclasses by quantitative suspension array technology 14 pathogens vaccine antigens, targets...

The mechanisms by which prenatal events affect development of adult disease are incompletely characterized. Based on findings in a murine model of maternal transmission of asthma risk, we sought to test the role of the pro-asthmatic cytokines interleukin IL-4 and -13. To assess transplacental passage of functional cytokines, we assayed phosphorylation of STAT-6, a marker of IL-4 and -13 signali...

OBJECTIVES Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethene (DDE) are ubiquitous toxic environmental contaminants. Prenatal and early life exposures affect pubertal events in experimental animals. We studied whether prenatal or lactational exposures to background levels of PCBs or DDE were associated with altered pubertal growth and development in humans. STUDY DESIGN Foll...

Background. Tetanus toxoid immunisation of pregnant mother has remained the most effective strategy in eliminating neonatal tetanus. Impaired production and/or transplacental transfer of antibodies may affect the effectiveness of this strategy. We studied the effect of maternal HIV infection on serum levels and transplacental transfer of anti-tetanus antibodies. Methods. A total of 162 mother-b...

INTRODUCTION Illness and death from influenza increase during pregnancy. In the United Kingdom pregnant women were targeted in a national programme for vaccination during the H1N1 2009-10 pandemic. METHODS In this study, pregnant women were recruited in labour from November 9, 2009 to March 10, 2010. Pandemic vaccination status was determined. Venous cord blood collected at delivery was evalu...

Abstract Transplacental transmission of Zika virus has been reported during all trimesters pregnancy and might lead to central nervous system anomalies, including microcephaly. We report 3 cases perinatal infection identified the epidemic in Colombia provide detailed descriptions clinical features, diagnosis, neurodevelopmental outcome at 18 months age (corrected).

Pregnant rabbits were sensitized to unrelated does by skin transplantation. The offspring of these sensitized animals rejected skin from the same donor in a markedly accelerated fashion. The transplacental passage of agents responsible for homograft rejection is therefore suggested. Since accelerated rejection rather than enhancement occurred, more than the usual humoral antibodies must have be...

The suggestion that the foetus can become severely anaemic from haemorrhage into the maternal circulation was first made by Wiener (1948). A case reported by Wickster (1952) was almost certainly due to such a haemorrhage. However, neither Wiener nor Wickster made confirmatory laboratory tests, and it was Chown (1954, 1955) who first proved, both serologically and by showing excess of alkali-res...