The thalamocortical system plays a key role in the breakdown or emergence of consciousness, providing bottom-up information delivery from sensory afferents and integrating top-down intracortical and thalamocortical reciprocal signaling. A fundamental and so far unanswered question for cognitive neuroscience remains whether the thalamocortical switch for consciousness works in a discontinuous ma...

We investigated the evolutionary stages and disk properties of 211 Young stellar objects (YSOs) across the Perseus cloud by modeling the broadband optical to midinfrared (IR) spectral energy distribution (SED). Our optical gri photometry data were obtained from the recently finished Purple Mountain Observatory (PMO) Xuyi Schmidt Telescope Photometric Survey of the Galactic Anti-center (XSTPS-GA...

We study the effects of transition to turbulence in abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). The presence of transitional effects in such districts is related to the heart pulsatility and the sudden change of diameter of the vessels, and has been recorded by means of clinical measures as well as of computational studies. Here we propose, for the first time, the use of a large eddy simulation (LES) mod...

Urinary bladder cancers can be grouped into three general categories: superficial, invasive and metastatic. Approximately 90% of malignant tumors of the urinary bladder are of epithelial origin and the majority of them are transitional cell carcinomas (TCC). Metastatic spread of urinary bladder cancers usually includes regional lymph nodes, the lung, the liver and the bones. The presence of met...

Horizontal-tube, falling-film heat exchangers are used in many air-conditioning and refrigeration systems. Depending on the geometry, flow rate and fluid properties, when a liquid film falls over a series of horizontal tubes several distinct flow patterns can be manifested: the droplet mode, the jet mode, and the sheet mode. A thermodynamic analysis is undertaken to predict the transitions betw...

BACKGROUND Great variability exists in the reported frequency of transitional vertebra in the general population as well as in symptomatic lumbar spine patients. OBJECTIVE To determine the occurrence rate of transitional vertebra in consecutive lumbar spine patients in our practice. DESIGN A prospective, observational study METHODS Plain films were viewed and the presence or absence of a ...

A numerical investigation is carried out to investigate the transitional flow behaviour of nanofluids flow in an inclined pipe using both single and multi-phase models. Two different nanofluids are considered, and these are Al2O3–water and TiO2–water nanofluids. Moreover, SST κ − ω transitional model is implemented to study the nanofluids flow in inclined pipe. Gravitational force is also adopt...

A transitional zone in the dog renal artery was documented and its parameters were recorded: length and volumes of the luminal wall, tunica intima, tunica media, and tunica adventitia—as well as these parameters in the nontransitional zone of artery. Twelve normal adult male dogs were studied. Th e specimens were processed in the routine manner for light and electron microscopy. Aft er the dete...