A novel iontophoretic system utilizing ion-exchange membranes is effective for selective transdermal delivery of ionized drugs. In the present study, we examined in vivo availability and safety of ion-exchange iontophoresis in the transdermal delivery of anionic diclofenac, a well known anti-inflammatory medication, to rat dorsal skin. While iontophoresis increased the plasma concentration of d...

This work evaluated the occlusive versus non-occlusive application of microemulsion (ME) for the transdermal delivery of progesterone. The mechanisms of enhanced skin penetration were investigated. ME comprised of oleic acid, Tween 80, propylene glycol, and water, was used neat or with ethanol as a volatile cosurfactant. The ME formulations enhanced progesterone transdermal flux compared to the...

There is a high mortality in patients with diabetes and severe pressure ulcers. For example, chronic pressure sores of the heels often lead to limb loss in diabetic patients. A major factor underlying this is reduced neovascularization caused by impaired activity of the transcription factor hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α). In diabetes, HIF-1α function is compromised by a high glucose-...

Transdermal drug delivery systems are involved in the continuous administration of drug molecules from the surface of the skin into the circulatory system. Such systems have proved advantageous for delivery of certain drugs, such as scopolamine, nicotine, nitroglycerine, and estradiol. Compared with oral administration, transdermal drug delivery offers better uniformity of drug concentrations i...

A reservoir type transdermal patch for delivery of ketorolac, a potent analgesic agent was studied. The low permeability of skin is the rate-limiting step for delivery of most of the drugs. Studies were carried out to investigate the effect of permeation enhancers on the in vitro permeation of ketorolac across rat skin. The reservoir type transdermal patch was fabricated and the core was filled...

The possibility of applying liposomes as a topical drug delivery system is still a matter of intensive research. The purpose of this study was to determine the suitability of liposomes as carriers of naproxen and to prove their impact on the effectiveness of transdermal permeation of an active substance. The study was conducted with the use of Franz Diffusion Cell System by comparing the effica...

The aim of this project was to examine the effect of microneedle rollers on the percutaneous penetration of tiagabine hydrochloride and carbamazepine across porcine skin in vitro. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric analysis was carried out using an Agilent 1200 Series HPLC system coupled to an Agilent G1969A TOF-MS system. Transdermal flux values of the drugs were determined from the stea...

The mesophasic microreservoir comprises lyotrophic liquid crystals. The liquid crystals were prepared of Brij-35, cetosteryl alcohol and propranolol and evaluated for parameters viz. anisotropy, size and size distribution and drug entrapment efficiency. Subsequent to this liquid crystals based transdermal drug delivery system (TDS) was prepared by incorporating liquid crystals in previously pre...

   Repeated oral administration of mexazolam, an anti-anxiety agent, may cause adverse effects such as gastric disturbance, drowsiness, and ataxia due to transiently high blood levels. Transdermal administration would avoid the systemic side effects and gastric disorders after oral administration. We have developed a matrix using ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), a heat-processible and flexible mat...