The landlocked and fragile countries’ ability to create a sustainable path economic growth poverty reduction is inextricably linked their export diversification potential, itself related connectivity within themselves, in the region, other external markets. Mali, Chad, Niger are first challenged by geography—their nature with vast thinly populated space serves isolate most vulnerable communitie...

this study examined the effects of trade liberalization and exchange rate changes on carbohydrate staples in nigeria. secondary data published from 1974 to 2006 on cassava exports and rice imports as well as non-tradable carbohydrate staples were used. it was hypothesized that exchange rate changes and trade liberalization via price relatives, trade intensity and nominal protection coefficient ...

In the cross-section of households, the portfolio share rises in wealth and has a non-decreasing age profile. The standard life-cycle model with homothetic utility and non-tradable labor income has the counterfactual implication that the portfolio share falls in both wealth and age. We develop a life-cycle model in which households have nonhomothetic utility over two types of consumption goods,...

In the context of a simple model of strategic international bisourcing, we investigate the reasons why firms may simultaneously insource and internationally outsource. We also explore the impacts of international outsourcing on the production pattern of finished goods, tradable fragment prices, and welfare. The policy implications of attempts to restrict outsourcing are also established. We sho...

This paper develops a multi regional growth model of the second generation type with horizontal and vertical innovations. Technology goods are tradable between regions, creating a regional analogy of the weak scale effect introduced by Jones (2004). Per capita production in one region is a function of the weighted population sizes of trading partner regions. Thus the scale of partner regions di...

The impacts of the real exchange rate on employment and its channels are investigated. A real appreciation, 1) by decreasing the cost of imported inputs and increasing real wages expressed in tradable goods (technological channel), 2) by decreasing exports (export volume channel), 3) by exerting pressure on efficiency improvement (efficiency channel), exerts a negative effect on employment. Usi...

he Asian currency crisis of 1997-98 was characterized by an abrupt reversal of foreign capital flows. Before the crisis, foreign capital inflows had allowed the crisis countries to attain a higher level of investment spending than could have been supported by domestic saving alone. Domestic and foreign investors suddenly lost confidence, liquidating their local asset holdings, and moving their ...

This paper analyzes China’s foreign trade with Southeast Asia and the United States. Using a simple three-country, four-good framework, this paper examines how trade liberalization by China, which is one of the conditions for China’s accessoin into the WTO, may affect the trade volumes among China, the United States and Southeast Asian economies, as well as the prices of the tradable goods in t...

This paper estimates the effects of increase in Iran’s non-oil exports on its economic growth as well as sectoral outputs, using a single country, comparative static, exogenous policy Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model. The paper also investigates the share of tradable sectors in reaching to the targeted growth rate (8%) in 5th socio-economic development plan. For this purpose, the para...