The object of this study was to determine whether prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) can prevent ovariectomy-induced cancellous bone loss. Thirty-five 3-month-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups. The rats in the first group were ovariectomized (OVX) while the others received sham operation (sham-OVX). The OVX group was further divided into three treatment groups. The daily doses fo...

BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is defined as a skeletal disorder characterized by compromised bone strength due to a reduction of bone mass and deterioration of bone microstructure predisposing an individual to an increased risk of fracture. Trabecular bone microstructure analysis and finite element models (FEM) have shown to improve the prediction of bone strength beyond bone mineral density (BMD) me...

PURPOSE Histomorphometry and microhardness measurements were performed after Ti6AI4V implantation in cancellous and cortical bone of healthy and ovariectomized animals to determine characterization of the bone-biomaterial interface in osteopenic bone. MATERIALS AND METHODS Nine ovariectomized and 9 sham-aged rats were used. Four months later, nails were implanted in the distal femurs, and the...

If bone adapts to maintain constant strains and if on-axis yield strains in trabecular bone are independent of apparent density, adaptive remodeling in trabecular bone should maintain a constant safety factor (yield strain/functional strain) during habitual loading. To test the hypothesis that yield strains are indeed independent of density, compressive (n = 22) and tensile (n = 22) yield strai...

Three-dimensional femoral trabecular architecture was investigated in tail-suspended young growing rats and the effects of jump exercise during the period of tail-suspension were also examined. Eight-week-old male Wistar rats (n = 24) were randomly assigned to three body weight-matched groups: a tail suspended group (SUS, n = 8); a sedentary control group (CON, n = 8) and rats primed with jump ...

NOTUM produced by osteoblasts is known to regulate cortical bone mass. Our new findings show that specifically derived DMP1-expressing osteocytes and late regulates mass not trabecular

It is widely held that bone architecture is finely regulated in accordance with homeostatic requirements. Aberrant remodelling (hyperdensification and/or cyst formation in the immediately subchondral region) has previously been described in bone underlying cartilage in arthropathies. The present study examined the trabecular architecture of samples of bone, initially in the severe osteoarthropa...

Bone is capable of adapting during life in response to stress. Therefore, variation in locomotor and manipulative behaviours across extant hominoids may be reflected in differences in trabecular bone structure. The hand is a promising region for trabecular analysis, as it is the direct contact between the individual and the environment and joint positions at peak loading vary amongst extant hom...

Interbody fusion device subsidence has been reported clinically. An enhanced understanding of the mechanical behaviour of the surrounding bone would allow for accurate predictions of vertebral subsidence. The multiaxial inelastic behaviour of trabecular bone is investigated at a microscale and macroscale level. The post-yield behaviour of trabecular bone under hydrostatic and confined compressi...

Trabecular bone strength is marked not only by the onset of local yielding, but also by post-yield behavior. To study and predict trabecular bone elastic and yield properties, micro-finite element (micro-FE) models were successfully applied. However, trabecular bone strength predictions require micro-FE models incorporating post-yield behavior of trabecular bone tissue. Due to experimental diff...