‎in this text we prove that in generalized shift dynamical system $(x^gamma,sigma_varphi)$‎ ‎for finite discrete $x$ with at least two elements‎, ‎infinite countable set $gamma$ and‎ ‎arbitrary map $varphi:gammatogamma$‎, ‎the following statements are equivalent‎: ‎ - the dynamical system $(x^gamma,sigma_varphi)$ is‎ li-yorke chaotic;‎ - the dynamical system $(x^gamma,sigma_varphi)$ has‎ an scr...

Current theories of interrogative syntax/semantics adopt two strategies for the interpretation of in-situ wh-phrases: covert movement and in-situ interpretation. The covert movement strategy is traditionally assumed to be all-or-nothing: the in-situ wh-phrase covertly moves to C or else stays in-situ and is interpreted in its base-generated position at LF. In this paper we argue that neither ap...

In wh-questions that form a syntactic dependency between the fronted wh-phrase and its thematic position, acceptability is severely degraded when the dependency crosses another wh-phrase. It is well known that the acceptability degradation in wh-island violation ameliorates in certain contexts, but the source of this variation remains poorly understood. In the syntax literature, an influential ...

This paper deals with cross-linguistic variation in WH-pied-piping. In this paper, I claim that pied-piping is the result of the intermediate stages of WH-movement (i.e., the indirect feature checking movement of Chomsky (1998)) to the Spec of XP and the subsequent percolation of the WH-feature to the XP and that cross-linguistic variation in pied-piping can be explained in terms of various uni...

This article presents a unified solution to two long-standing problems concerning successive cyclicity. First, under the minimalist program of Chomsky (1995), a trigger for successive-cyclic wh-movement to [–wh] SpecC positions must be identified. Second, as noted by den Besten & Webelhuth (1990), there is a strict prohibition against unbound intermediate traces that result from a combination o...

objective: the role of wnt signaling and its antagonist; secreted frizzled related protein type 4 (sfpr4) was reported in rodent ovarian follicular development. this study examines immunolocalization of sfrp4 in ovaries of polycystic ovary (pco) rat model and evaluates its role in follicular growth arrest and its premature differentiation. materials and mathods: pco was induced with daily admin...