Incomplete combustion of fuel in motor vehicles results in the emission of submicron carbonaceous particles which, after cooling and dilution, contain varying quantities of extractable organic constituents. These organics are mutagenic in bacteria. Confirmatory bioassays in mammalian cells provide the capability of detecting chromosomal and DNA damage in addition to gene mutations. In order to ...

Synthesis and characterization of block copolymer PEG114-b-P4VP58 and PNIPAM93-b-P4VP58. Materials. Polyethylene glycol methyl ether (CH3O-PEG114-OH, Mn ~ 5000 and the polydispersity index, PDI = 1.05) was purchased from Fluka. The monomer 4-vinyl pyridine (Acros Organics, 95%) was purified by vacuum distillation. N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM, Acros Organics, 99%) was purified by recrystallizat...

Membrane clogging is a major obstacle to the successful operation of the membrane separation process. A submerged hollow fibre membrane with powdered activated carbon (PAC) adsorption (adsorption-membrane hybrid system) was used for the removal of organics from a synthetic wastewater representative of biologically treated sewage e.fJluent. PAC usage successfully adsorbs the majority of the orga...

Polar organic compounds in rural PM2.5 aerosols from K-puszta, Hungary, during a 2003 summer field campaign: sources and diurnal variations A. C. Ion, R. Vermeylen, I. Kourtchev, J. Cafmeyer, X. Chi, A. Gelencsér, W. Maenhaut, and M. Claeys Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp (Campus Drie Eiken), Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium Department of Analytical Che...

Abstract: Chromatographic measurements were made for the adsorption of benzene, toluene and m-xylene on molecular sieving carbon (MSC) in a supercritical fluid CO2 mixed with organics. A supercritical chromatograph packed with MSC was used to detect pulse responses of the organics. Adsorption equilibria and adsorption dynamic parameters for organics were obtained by moment analysis of the respo...

There is increasing international interest in naphthenic acids (NAs, classical formula C(n)H(2n+Z)O(2)) found in the oil sands from Alberta, Canada and in petroleum from around the world. The complexity of NAs poses major analytical challenges for their quantification and characterization. We used ultrahigh resolution electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectr...

Landfilling is one of the most widely used methods for the disposal of municipal solid wastes. The degradation of the organic fraction of the wastes in combination with percolating rainwater leads to the generation of highly contaminated liquid, called leachate. Municipal landfill leachates typically contain high concentrations of inorganic compounds (ammonium and metals), as well as high level...

This study examined the effects of feed water chemistry and membrane fouling on the rejection of trace organics by a loose nanofiltration membrane. One ionisable and one non-ionisable trace organics were selected for investigation. Results reported here indicate that the solution pH and ionic strength can markedly influence the removal of the ionisable trace organic compound sulfamethoxazole. T...

The removal of trace organics by a membrane bioreactor-granular activated carbon (MBR-GAC) integrated system were investigated. The results confirmed that MBR treatment can be effective for the removal of hydrophobic (log D>3.2) and readily biodegradable trace organics. The data also highlighted the limitation of MBR in removing hydrophilic and persistent compounds (e.g. carbamazepine, diclofen...