the aim of this research is to scrutinize the effects of democratic regional organizations on democratization. we will scrutinize regional organizations regardless of their functional time and space. but attending the democratic feature that was regarded, we will concentrate mainly on the last three decades. after studying democratization process and represent subjects on democratic regional or...

SiC-fibers are subjected to a predictable premature failure, consequence of slow crack growth mechanism. This has chiefly been studied through static fatigue testing multifilament tows. The discrepancy existing between experimental results, broadly dispersed, and the bundle theory (solely considering filament strength distribution) interpreted by discrete stochastic phenomena. In this work, unc...

This paper describes finite element analysis of compaction for dry textiles during preform manufacture. The models are generated using procedures encompassed in our TexGen textile modeling schema. Meshing and material property allocations are performed automatically, including definition of material orientations for each of the elements. Tow elements are modeled using a transverse isotropic mod...

Testing rare variants directly is possible with next-generation sequencing technology. In this article, we propose a sliding-window-based optimal-weighted approach to test for the effects of both rare and common variants across the whole genome. We measured the genetic association between a disease and a combination of variants of a single-nucleotide polymorphism window using the newly develope...

The civil aircraft engine business is complex in operation. Being an asset-heavy operating highly engineering systems, the optimized fleet life-cycle management essential yet challenging. aviation systems are known for critical operation conditions, high-standard reliability demands, and high cost both asset value through-life maintenance services. Civil engines typically require 3 to 4 costly ...

Novel “VIV” signal flow graphs are introduced. They provide a description of active filter subblocks consisting of OpAmps with grounded inputs. The Tow-Thomas, the Åckerberg-Mossberg, the Fleischer-Tow, and MFB structures are typical representatives of such a filter class. Many kinds of active filter like the Sallen-Key utilize a more general OpAmp connection with ungrounded inputs. These circu...

An experiment was designed and carried out to study the friction deformation of carbon fibre tow under sliding transverse orientation fibres. A continuous frictional force measured in reciprocal tests over a length about one width tow, as well incremental 4 mm with stop after each millimetre measure topography contact glass plate. Although coefficient depended on initial state first millimetres...

Nickel-coated carbon fibre (NiCCF) is an important composite material, which finds numerous engineering applications, primarily within: computer, telecommunication, automotive and military industries. In general, NiCCF can be produced by one of the three methods, namely: chemical vapour deposition (CVD), electroless, and electrochemical (galvanic) deposition of Ni on a carbon fibre tow material...

A finite element method is presented for predicting the mechanical performance of discontinuous fiber mesostructures typically produced by directed carbon fiber preforming. High-filament count bundles are modeled using beam elements to enable large representative volume elements to be studied. The beams are attached to a regular grid of 2D continuum elements, which represent the matrix material...