Additional comment: There has been a misinterpretation of our study in the accompanying editorial [3]. Authors have commented “The authors advised mothers to expose their newborns to sunshine for a duration of six months, when the association between duration and timing of the sunshine exposure and serum 25(OH)D was analyzed.” [3]. Our study was purely an observational study, and no advice rega...

In 1960, Donald Acheson made the seminal observation that the global distribution of multiple sclerosis (MS) may be related to available hours of sunshine; this observation was met with disbelief at the time. However, over the subsequent more than 50 years, it has become clear that he may well be right. The effect of sunlight exposure and subsequent vitamin D production (generated by photolysis...

While conventional wisdom assumes that inclement weather on election day reduces voter turnout, there is remarkably little evidence available to support truth to such belief. This paper examines the effects of temperature, sunshine duration and rainfall on voter turnout in 13 Dutch national parliament elections held from 1971 to 2010. It merges the election results from over 400 municipalities ...

Observational data of sunshine duration since 1930 from the Met Office National Climate Information Centre (NCIC; Perry and Hollis 2005) reveal that winter 2014/15 was the sunniest in the United Kingdom (Fig. 10.1a). The common perception of drab British winters is seemingly challenged by the increasing trend of 2.4 ± 0.7 sunshine hrs decade−1 (mean ± standard deviation) during 1930–2015 (Fig. ...

Channel catfish and sunshine bass were exposed to a low-water stress event and allowed to recover in fresh water or a solution of metomidate (dl-1-(1-phenylethyl)-5-(metoxycarbonyl) imidazole hydrochloride), which inhibits the synthesis of cortisol. Change in time of plasma cortisol was used as an index of cortisol secretion and clearance. Plasma cortisol and glucose increased during the exposu...

Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is a severe complication of tuberculosis and occurs mainly during early childhood. The incidence rate of TBM varies with season, and serum vitamin D levels, which are dependent on sunlight, might play a role. We studied the association between TBM incidence rate and hours of sunshine in Cape Town, South Africa and found a significant association between the incidenc...

Based on urban planning theory, the paper conducts a study on the D/H ratio of city road and applies a new technology BIM to make a quantitative objective analysis on the space size of road, differing from traditional subjective evaluation from the perspectives like psychology, physiology, social behavior and urban esthetics. Through the simulation and analysis on sunshine, ventilation under di...

I examine the impact of happiness on economic behavior. I use self-reported happiness data from the DNB Household Survey from the Netherlands and the German SocioEconomic Panel. I consider changes in regional sunshine as an exogenous determinant of happiness. Both long-run and transitory increases in sunshine increase happiness. Instrumenting individual happiness with regional sunshine, I find ...