OBJECTIVE The present study aims to find a convenient, rapid, and stable method to establish bladder tumor in mice. METHODS Female Balb/C-nu-nu nude mice (or female T739 mice) were narcotized by sodium pentobarbital at a dosage of 60 mg/kg. The stylet of the 24# venous retention needles was bent in a 5° to 7° angle at a distance of 15 mm from the needlepoint to form a circle with 2.61 mm to 3...

Bladder tumors are characterized by markedly increased angiogenesis when compared to the normal urothelium (NU) from which they are derived. Here, we use both cultured cells and immunohistochemistry to demonstrate a primary regulatory role for thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), a potent inhibitor of angiogenesis, in the development of bladder tumor angiogenesis. Secretions from bladder cancer (CA) cells...

the performance of new forage brassica plants were studied in ilam, iran, during 2012-2014 in a field experiment using a randomized complete block design with four replications. the treatments included, different forage crops perko, buko, oilseed radish, berseem clover, and the combination of three plants ramtil, phaselia, and clover. the studied traits consisted of plant height, forage yield, ...

PURPOSE To compare the current management of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) by urologists and nonurologists by use of Korean nationwide health insurance data. MATERIALS AND METHODS We obtained patient data from the national health insurance system. New patients diagnosed with BPH in 2009 were divided into two groups depending on whether they were diagnosed by a urologist (U group) or by a...

In this paper we study curvature properties of semi - symmetric type of totally umbilical radical transversal lightlike hypersurfaces $(M,g)$ and $(M,widetilde g)$ of a K"ahler-Norden manifold $(overline M,overline J,overline g,overline { widetilde g})$ of constant totally real sectional curvatures $overline nu$ and $overline {widetilde nu}$ ($g$ and $widetilde g$ are the induced metrics on $M$...

abstract. information on forage quality in phenological stage could help range managers to choose suitable grazing method to achieve higher animal performance without detriment to vegetation. vetiver grass (vetiveria zizanioides) is a non-native perennial grass that was introduced to the iran in 2008. this plant is a multi use species that could be considered from different viewpoints. thus, it...

a total of 1440 arian chicks were used in this study to determine the effects of diet formulation methods on performance and blood parameters of arian chicks. eight diets were arranged in a 2×2×2 factorial design with 2 methods of energy expression (apparent (amen) and true (tmen) metabolizable energy corrected to n equilibrium), 2 methods of amino acids content of feeds (total (taaf) and diges...

Digestible energy (DE), metabolizable energy (ME) and net energy for maintenance (NEm) values of a set of fourteen diets were measured in six adult sows fed at and below their maintenance energy level. The efficiency of ME for NEm was estimated from heat production (HP) measurements (indirect calorimetry) at these different feeding levels. HP was partitioned between HP due to physical activity,...

Congenitally athymic (nu/nu) mice were found to be more susceptible to intravenous challenge with Sporothrix schenckii than their phenotypically normal (nu/+) littermates as measured by lethality and the number of viable yeast cells in the liver 7 days postinfection. Thymus reconstitution of nu/nu mice (nu/thy) conferred a significant degree of resistance to sporotrichosis. Immunization greatly...