In this paper we propose some index guided Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF) with elliptical holes. The design has been proposed such that it shows a decrease in the value of ratio of the area of elliptical air holes to that of the wafer dimension. The effect of variation in wafer dimension of a constant lattice size is analyzed for observing the unique properties of PCF like dispersion, birefringen...

We have studied subwavelength confinement of the surface plasmon polariton modes of various plasmonic waveguides and examined their relative merits using a graphical parametric representation of their confinement and propagation characteristics. While the same plasmonic phenomenon governs mode confinement in all these waveguides, the various architectures can exhibit distinctive behavior in ter...

the ground reaction curve (grc) is a vital component of the convergence-confinement method, which possesses many applications in the underground space designs. it defines a relation between the tunnel wall deformations and the ground pressure acting on the tunnel walls. generally, grc includes descending and ascending branches. according to many researchers, the descending branch trend for the ...

In this article, a novel structure of photonic crystal fiber with nearly zero ultra-flattened chromatic dispersion and ultra-low confinement loss is presented. By replacing the circular air-holes of two first rings with the elliptical air-holes, a fiber with outstanding features of chromatic dispersion and confinement loss is designed. The proposed structure is optimized for operating in a wide...

In this article, Hill Climbing (HC) and Estimation of Distribution Algorithm (EDA) are integrated to produce a hybrid intelligent algorithm for design of endlessly Single Mode Photonic Crystal Fibers (SMPCFs) structure with desired properties over the C communication band. In order to analyzing the fiber components, Finite Difference Frequency Domain (FDFD) solver is applied. In addition, a spe...

a comprehensive study of schottky barrier mosfet (sbmosfet) scaling issue is performed to determine the role of wafer orientation and structural parameters on the performance of this device within non-equilibrium green's function formalism. quantum confinement increases the effective schottky barrier height (sbh). (100) orientation provides lower effective schottky barrier height in comparison ...

Objective: To cope with the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic health authorities released social restrictions. Such restrictions impacted on people's possibilities to move deliberately in a public space and gather other people. In present study, we investigated impact of COVID-19-related (“confinement”) physical activity (PA) patterns before during confinement among team sports parti...